THE LAND SYSTEM OF BELGIUM AND HOLLAND 449 



6. Abundance of food for cattle. Although the soil is not 

 favourable to permanent meadows, yet, taking the second crops 

 into account, one-half of the available superficies is devoted to 

 the keeping of live stock. Hence the rise of rents, although the 

 price of corn has hardly increased. 



7. House feeding of the cattle, by which the cows give both 

 more milk and more manure. 



8. Minute weeding.^ 



Many of these agricultural practices are possibly only where 

 there is a large agricultural population ; for which, on the other 

 hand, work is found at the same time by these very practices. 



The following table shows the amount of labour employed in 

 the cultivation of the soil in Belgium : 



Provinces 



Antwerp 



Brabant 



Flanders, West . . . 

 Flanders, East .... 



Hainaut 



Liege 



Limbourg 



Luxembourg .... 



Namur 



Aggregate of kingdom 



Mm 



It 



< K 



a a 

 K > 



70 

 47 

 50 

 38 

 52 

 64 

 130 

 237 

 68 



68 



8 



SS2 



w t < 



a ax 



l< 



26 



27 



23 

 26 

 22 

 17 



37 

 37 

 26 





a > 



2W 



S g a 



a >. 



xX X 

 a H 



%%^ 



^1? 



74 

 64 

 57 

 60 

 70 

 64 

 55 

 77 

 50 



61 



so 



ogl 



SB 5 



5 X 



84 

 78 

 56 

 57 

 57 

 69 

 61 

 71 

 57 



65 



83 

 86 



65 



103 



67 



46 



58 

 51 

 42 



97 



a t 5 



a o i 



OS iJ 



3 "> w 



a S S 



jn a 5 

 us 



17 



18 



13 

 14 



23 

 20 



19 

 30 

 19 



19 



to 



K OS 



a a 



4.76 

 3-46 

 3.86 

 2.76 



314 

 4.49 

 6.72 



"35 

 7.42 



4-55 



2 a 



O ry 



47.935 

 83,130 



78,498 

 88,305 

 105,977 

 55.347 

 32,170 

 36,244 

 44,944 



572,550 



=/'- a 



a S B 



a c sJ 



a o< 



a? 



C M 



106,080 

 183,522 

 149,668 

 203,561 



157,071 

 76,290 

 69,158 



69.537 

 68,714 



1,083,601 



1 See my " ficonomie rurale de la Belgique." The reader will pardon my refer- 

 ring him to a previous work of mine for particulars which need not be repeated 

 here. Even in the writings of the best foreign authors errors occur with regard 

 to Belgium. Thus Mr. Stuart Mill, in his " Principles of PoHtical Economy," 

 quotes a passage from McCulloch in which Hainaut and the two Flanders are 

 alluded to as being circumstanced alike whereas, in fact, their conditions are 

 different in every respect. 



2 Comprising the farmers themselves, the farm labourers, and labourers proper. 



* Being the proportion of women of the three preceding classes to loo men. 



* " Holders " includes both freehold- and tenant-farmers. 



