98 



BUDS AND STIPULES 



of brown, more or less leathery scales ; but as we shall 

 see, these scales represent very different organs. 



If we examine the bud of an Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 

 (figs. 142, 143, 144) in winter, we shall find that it is 



s \ 



Fig. 142. Fig. 143. 



Bud of Alder (Alnus glutinosa). 



Fig. 142. Portion of shoot, showing two lateral buds in winter ; Sc, scar of fallen 

 stipule, leaving L, the corresponding leaf, exposed ; St, the stipule of the next 

 leaf ; the upper bud shows only one stipule, St, but none have fallen in this 

 instance, which is the more common case. Nat. size. 



Fm. 143. Transverse section of bud in winter, x6 ; A, a, first or outermost pair of 

 stipules, belonging to the leaf immediately beneath them ; B, B, second pair of 

 stipules with their leaf ; < , c, third pair ; the fourth leaf, D, D, and stipules 

 occupy the centre ; Ax, axis. 



protected by three, or sometimes four, purplish brown, 

 leathery scales. The lateral buds sit on gradually elon- 



