108 BUDS AND STIPULES 



thick, and rather furry on the inner side. The second 

 pair are furry on the outer side, and especially on the 

 edges. The third pair still more so. 



The outer scales are not dead, like those of so many 

 trees, but increase more or less in size. The dark 

 colour is due to a layer of black, more or less angular 

 bodies, which are flattened hairs, containing a dark 

 resinous secretion, and do not increase in size or number. 

 As the scale grows they are, therefore, carried further 

 and further apart, and occupying a smaller relative 

 portion of the surface, the general colour becomes lighter 

 and greener. 



HORSE CHESTNUT (JSsCulus) 



The bud of the Horse Chestnut (JEsculus Hippocas- 

 tanum) is protected by eight or ten scales. The 

 outer ones are dark brown and short ; they are serially 

 continuous with the leaves of the preceding year. 

 Those following become gradually longer and paler 

 often pinkish towards the end. The inner ones have a 

 delicate fringe along their edges. The outside of the 

 bud is very sticky. The scales are followed by normal 

 leaves. Each segment of the leaf is conduplicate, and 

 the midribs of the first, as well as the petiole and the 

 internodes, are further protected by a thick felt, which 

 is sometimes of a rich orange colour. This is less 

 developed on the inner leaves, where it would not be so 

 much wanted. 



