152 BUDS AND STIPULES 



it would be if the scale were a single stipule, but 

 opposite the centre. 



The following pairs of stipules are separate, hairy, 

 and about as long as their leaf, which is conduplicate, 

 but the sides do not touch as they fold over the inner leaf. 

 The next leaf and its stipules are similar. The fifth pair 

 of stipules are narrower, and rather shorter than their 

 leaf. The following stipules become quite narrow. The 

 leaves are conduplicate. 



Protection of the Bud by Connate Stipules 

 belonging to different leaves 



In the previous cases the two connate stipules were 

 the pair belonging to a single leaf. In the Hop 

 (Humvlus Lupuhts) (figs. 270, 271) the two stipules 

 which have coalesced belong to two different leaves. 

 The stipules are large, develop early, and cover not 

 only the rest of the bud, but their own leaves also. 



Henry (18, 268) regards the stipules covering the 

 bud of the Hop as representing the stipules of a pair 

 of leaves which are otherwise undeveloped. The ex- 

 planation above given seems, however, to be more in 

 accordance with the facts. 



A similar case is afforded by those species of Stellatce 

 (Galium) which have leaflets in whorls of four. 



In Elatine Alsinastrum, also, the stipules are united 

 each to the neighbouring stipule of the opposite leaf, 

 so that the stipules equal the leaves in number. 



