ON THE STRUCTURE OF BUDS 159 



inner scales elongate chiefly in the lower portion, which 

 seems to correspond to the pedestal. They are, on the 

 whole, more or less spathulate, but vary in form, and 

 the apical portion seems to correspond to the lamina, 

 because there is generally a trace of a joint or articula- 

 tion. This apical portion is slightly more coriaceous 

 and browner than the long and very membranous lower 

 portion. 



Some of the inner scales are more or less evidently 

 trifid (fig. 284) or tridentate, the lateral lobes appear- 

 ing to correspond to the shoulders seen below the 

 pedestal of the normal and perfect leaf. The inner- 

 most scales (fig. 285) are suddenly widened at the apex, 

 forming a hood or cap rolled round the apex of the 

 bud and completely covering and protecting the young 

 leaves. 



CYCADACE.E 



In Cycas (Cycas revoluta) one tier of leaves is pro- 

 duced every year, all developing simultaneously. The 

 bud is covered with a mass of imbricate scales. The 

 latter are subulate, elongate, ending in a spine, dilated 

 and triangular at the base, densely covered with 

 a pale brown, woolly felt, erect or incurved in bud, 

 ultimately spreading with age, but persisting for many 

 years. Thus two sets of leaves are developed every 

 year, each tier duly alternating. 



In Zamia also (Zamia Fischeri) the buds are pro- 

 tected by numerous scales. 



