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EEVENUES FROM GOVERNMENT FORESTS ; COST OF MAINTAINING OR MANAGING 

 FORESTS ; PROFITS OF FOREST CULTIVATION. 



The estimated revenue and expenditure of the State forests for the years 

 1886-87, according to official statement, are given as follows: 



Gross receipts M. 56,070 : 000 



Ordinary expenses M. 31,062,200 



Surplus M. 25,007,800 



Extraordinary expenses 2,450,000 



Net income M. 22557,800 



FOREST SCHOOLS. 



In Prussia there exist three kinds of forest schools. 



(a) Two preparatory forest schools for forstcr and forstschutzbeamte. The 

 pupils, from 12 to 17 years of age, receive at these schools an elementary edu- 

 cation and practical instruction in forestry under the direction of a forster. 

 These schools are intended to take the place of the apprenticeship of two or 

 three years which the student, on the completion of his elementary education 

 elsewhere, would otherwise be obliged to serve at an oberforsterei under the 

 direction of the oberforster. The advantage of the former is that it combines the 

 elementary education with practical forest instruction. 



(6) Two forest academies, one at Eberwalde and the other at Minden, under 

 the department of the Minister for Agriculture, Domain and Forest, and the 

 immediate supervision of the oberlandforstmeister, one of the chief state forest 

 officials in the Forest Department of the Ministry. These academies are in- 

 tended to give a scientific education and to fit students for the forest adminis- 

 stration service, that is to say, for the higher forest career, from oberjorster 

 upward. 



The term of study is two years and embraces the following branches : 



* 



A. Fundamental Science 



1. Physics, including meteorology and mechanics. 



2. Chemistry, organic and inorganic. 



3. Mineralogy. 



4. Geognosy and geology. 



5. Botany. 



() General botany. 



(6) Anatomy, physiology and pathology of plants. 



(c) Special forest botany. 



(d} Anatomical and miscropical demonstration. 



6. Zoology. 



(a) General zoology. 



(6) Special zoology particularly with respect to the different kinds of 

 forest animals and birds. 



