Appendix Table 7. Sex Ratios Among Dairy Calves 



Citation 



Calves 



Ratio of Males to Females 

 When Females Equal 100 



Percentage Male Births 

 Are of Total 



Number 



106 

 104 

 102 

 113 

 114 

 107 

 104 

 102 



105 



Percent 



51.48 

 51.12 

 50.50 

 53.08 

 53.30 

 51.88 

 51.02 

 50.63 



51.2 



1 H. P. Davis, Dniry Calf Births and Disposals. Nebr. Agr. Sta. Bull. 411, 1952. 



2 L. A. Gilmore, Dairy Cattle Breeding, J. B. Lippincott Co., pp. 105-108, 1952. 

 "J. W. Gowen, "On the Sex Ratio in Cattle," Jour, of Heredity, Vol. 33, 1942. 



* R. A. Hilder, M. H. Fohrman and R. R. Graves, Relation of Various Factors to th" BrrrHing 

 Efficiency of Dairy Animals and to the Sex Ratio of the Offspring, Jour. Dairy Sci., Vol. 27:981-992, 1944. 



•'' F. E. Hull, W. W. Dimmork, F. Ely and H. B. Morrison. Reproduction Efficiency in Dairy Cattle, 

 Ky. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 402, 1910. 



* J. Ingels and C. Y. Cannon, "The Mortality of Calves in the Iowa State College Dairy Herd," 

 American Soc. Animal Production, Proceedings, 1936. 



^ J. C. Knott, "A Study of the Gestation Period of Holstein-Frirsian Cows," Jour. Dairy Sci., Vol. 

 15; 87-98, 1932. 



* The records of births for the University of New Hampshire dairy herd were suininarized for 

 the period 1942 through 1954 by G. E. Frick. 



Number 



Number 



18 

 66 

 86 



27 

 22 

 21 

 20 

 34 



294 



Percent 



2.0 

 2.8 

 3.0 

 3.1 

 4.1 

 3.0 

 1.7 

 6.2 



2.9 



1 p. T. Dix Arnold and R. B. Becker, Dairy Calves, Their Development and Survival, Fla. Agr'j Exp. 

 Sta. Bui. 529, 1953. 



2 H. p. Davis, Dairy Calf Births and Disposals. Nebr. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 411, 1952. 



3 J. C. Knott, "A Study of the Gestation Period of Holstein-Friesian Cows," Journal Dairy Sci. 

 15:87-98, 1932. 



^ L. W. Lamb, Multiple Births in Dairy Cattle, Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Quart. Bui. 17:185-189, May, 1935. 



5 C. W. Lush, "Inheritance of Twinning in A Herd of Holstein-Friesian Cattle," Jour. Hered. 16:273- 

 279, 1925. 



" F. W. Miller. R. R. Graves and M. H. Fohrman. "Management and Breeding Data on a Dairy 

 Herd in Which Bang's Disease (Infectious Abortion) Was Eradicated by Segregation," Jour. Dairy Sci. 

 20:537-550, 1937. 



■^ K. Miller and L. Gilmore, "Calf Mortality, Sex Ratio and Incidence of Twins in Two University 

 of Minnesota Herds," Jour. Dairy Sci. 32:706-707, 1949. 



* The records of births for the University of New Hampshire dairy herd was summarized for the 

 period 1942 through 1954 by G. E. Frick. 



65 



