expected that it would have a similar effect upon the character 

 of the butter fat when fed to cows in a normal ration. 



To test the relative effect of corn meal and its by-product 

 g:luten, in this direction, the following work was carried out : 

 Eight cows were divided into four lots of two each, and were fed 

 alternately upon rations having corn meal or gluten meal as the 

 leading constituent. Each ration was fed continuously for two 

 weeks and the milk given on the two last days in each period 

 was taken to test the effect of the food upon the churnability of 

 the resulting cream, both in regard to time and thoroughness of 

 churning, and also its effect upon the hardness of the butter, its 

 melting point and its volatile acids. • 



The cream was obtained from all lots by the use of the De- 

 Laval hand sepaiator, and allowed to stand twenty-four hours 

 before churning. The cream was apparently sweet when churn- 

 ed, and therefore lower temperatures were maintained than 

 where acid cream is used. Samples of the butter-milk and but- 

 ter were analysed, and the comparative hardness of the butters 

 determined by means of the method hereafter described. 



In Table A the blackfaced type indicate gluten, the com- 

 mon type corn meal. The various rations are indicated as la, 

 2a, 6a and 7a, and were made up as follows : 



8 



Reference to Table A will show that these four lots of cows 

 were alternated upon these rations, which were constant so far as 

 coarse fodder and one-third the grain ration were concerned, and 

 that the substitution of gluten, either wholly or in part, for corn 

 meal, had a marked effect upon the characteristics of the butter 

 fat, decreasing its churnability and softening the product. We 

 would not'discourage, on this account, the feeding of gluten to 

 cows, for it has proved itself to be of much value as a milk produc- 

 ing food, both at this Station <;see Bulletin No. 9) and elsewhere. 

 We can only caution against its excessive use with cows that nat- 



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