December, 1909.] the CODLING MOTH. 7o 



practically no increase in benefit over the first done, but wlien 

 applied three to fonr weeks after the blossoms dropped the sec- 

 ond spraying increases the benefit about 5 per cent. 



In In-ief. then, our experiments show (1) that by giving but 

 one spraying just after the blossoms fall, 82 per cent, of all the 

 worminess during the season may be prevented; (2) that a single 

 spraying given when the eggs are hatching the last week of June 

 or first week of July — will prevent 70 per cent, of the worminess ; 

 and (3) that by giving l)oth of these sprayings 85 to 95 per cent, 

 of the total worminess may be controlled, giving not over 5 per 

 cent, and often less than 1 per cent, of the picked fruit wormy. 



It might seem that in view of the considerable injury done by 

 the second brood that a spraying applied the middle of August to 

 kill the larvje of the second brood would be advantageous. Al- 

 though we have made some experiments to determine this, they 

 have shown either negative results, or have not shown sufficient 

 benefit to make spraying at that time profitable as far as the 

 codling moth alone is concerned. A study of our records shows 

 that the second spraying given about July 1 lessens the injury by 

 the second brood ver}^ materially, about one-half of its effect 

 being due to its decreasing injury by the second brood. 



However, the experience of the past two years has shown that 

 the best way to control the brown-tail moth on apple trees is to 

 spray them the first week in August, just as the eggs are hatching 

 and spraying at this time for the brown-tail moth and other 

 leaf-eating caterpillars is becoming quite general. This spray- 

 ing comes at just the time the eggs for the second brood of the 

 codling moth are being laid and comes, therefore, at just the 

 right time to be of benefit in destroying the second brood of 

 larvae. 



4. The Best Method of Spraying. Drenching vs. Mist 

 Sprays. It has been recently recomiiuMided in the West that 

 the first spraying be given with a high pressure and coarse, driv- 

 ing spray, so that it will be driven between the stamens down 

 into tlif lower calyx cavity, in which cavity it is claimed that the 

 most of the eating by the young larva is done before tunnelling 

 into the core. Remarkable results are claimed for such spray- 

 ing, in contrast to the old method, in which the finest mist was 

 thought the most desirable and economical. Assuming the cor- 



'o 



