December, 1909.] the codling moth. 91 



further experiments, but the data at hand would indicate that 

 either arsenate of lead or Paris green may he used witli it in the 

 same way as with Bordeaux mixture. 



WHEN TO SPRAY. 



First. Spraj^ -within a week after the blossoms fall, applying 

 the spray so as to deposit it in the blossom end of the young 

 apples. This must be done while the sepals or bracts of the 

 calyx are still wide apart. This is the best time to spray for the 

 codling moth. 



Second. Spray three to four Aveeks after the blossoms drop, 

 when the eggs of the codling moth are hatching. Apply this 

 spray so as to thoroughlj'^ cover all parts of the foliage. This is a 

 oetter time to give the second spraying than ten days or two 

 weeks after blossoming. 



Always give the first spraying; when possible, apply the sec- 

 ond also ; if the first spraying has been omitted, apply the second 

 alone, but do not expect as good results from it. 



We would also recommend that wherever the brown-tail moth 

 or other leaf -eating caterpillars occur in August (See Bulletin 

 139) that a third spraying be given during the first ten days 

 of August, using four pounds of arsenate of lead to the barrel 

 of water. 



HOW TO APPLY THE SPRAY. 



The spray should be applied from four sides of each tree, as 

 it is impossible to cover all parts of the tree from two points. In 

 orchard work, drive to the interval between four trees and spray 

 one-fourth of each, proceed to the next interval and repeat the 

 operation, and so on. Then by coming back on the next row. the 

 other side of one row is sprayed and each tree has been sprayed 

 from four sides. The spraying just after the petals fall is the 

 principal one against the apple worm, and must be directed from 

 above the fruit with considerable force, so that the spray will 

 be driven into the open calyces. A nozzle giving a strong spray 

 leaving the nozzle in a good stream and making a spray with 

 more force is therefore desirable. Nozzles attached to the ex- 

 tension rod so as to form an angle of 30 or 40 degrees to the 

 rod. will be found serviceable for this spraying. Do not try to 



