114 



N. H. AGR. EXPERIMENT STATION 



[Bulletin 144 



Late in the fall perithecia begin their development on the 

 fallen leaves (Fig. 6). They reach maturity by the follow- 

 ing spring, and their spores 'are scattered in April and ]\Iay. 

 They are blown to the young foliage and start the disease anew. 

 The production of this perithecial stage is especially common 

 when the leaves fall upon sod and are protected by their own 

 number or by being partially covered Avith grass. 



Treatment. The disease can be controlled by spraying. To be 

 most effective the sprayings must be made before the fungus has 

 gained entrance to the host as when it is once beneath the cuticle 

 it may continue to develop in spite of the application of fungi- 



'-\.:}A W 



Fig. 4.— Early stage. Fig. 5.— Later stage. 



Scab Spot on Storage Apples. 



cides. In badly affected orchards it is advisable to make a 

 spraying before the leaves are out. At this time copper sulphate, 

 1 pound to 25 gallons, may be used, or a strong Bordeaux or 

 lime-sulfur solution. The first regular spraying should be made 

 after the leaves have expanded and before the flower buds open. 

 Bordeaux or lime-sulfur may be used for this and for later appli- 

 cations. The second spraying should be given when most of the 

 petals have fallen. This application is the most important of 

 the season. When the disease is at all serious two more spray- 

 ings are needed, the third about three weeks after the second and 

 the fourth early in August to prevent a late spread of the 

 disease. For a discussion of fungicides see pages 134-138. The 

 fact that the fungus winters in the leaves makes it evident that 

 much may be accomplished by their destruction. A practical 



