RED CLOVER 367 



Mammoth red clover is also known as sapling clover, 

 bull clover, pea-vine clover, perennial clover, and in 

 Europe as cow-grass. Botanically it is known as Tri- 

 folium pratense perenne Host, but has erroneously been 

 considered the same as zigzag clover (Trifolium medium), 

 which is a distinct species, only very sparingly introduced 

 into America. On account of its lateness, as well as its 

 longer persistence, mammoth clover is preferable for 

 mixing with timothy, as the blooming time of the two 

 coincide. If sown alone, the yield is somewhat greater 

 than the medium, as it usually grows taller. On this 

 account, it is preferable where both a hay crop and a seed 

 crop cannot be secured in the same season. Mammoth 

 clover is preferred to medium for poor or sandy soils, 

 as it is generally believed that it produces better crops 

 under such circumstances. 



The seed of mammoth clover is slightly larger than 

 that of medium, but cannot be certainly distinguished. 

 Genuine seed is scarce and commands a relatively high 

 price. In Rhode Island, Card reports that it succeeds 

 better than medium red on " acid " soils. 



Regional strains of red clover are usually named from 

 the region in which they are produced. Only a few of 

 them differ markedly from the ordinary American strain. 

 Orel or Russian clover has nearly smooth herbage, and, 

 like mammoth, does not produce a second cutting. For 

 the northern tier of states and Canada, it possesses con- 

 siderable promise. Under Maryland conditions it suffers 

 noticeably from the summer heat. 



430. Comparison of regional strains. Numerous com- 

 parative trials of red clovers from different sources have 

 been made both in Europe and in America. In Europe, 

 American red clover is objected to on account of its greater 



