514 FORAGE PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE 



large percentage of the acreage is still planted to this 

 variety. Between the years 1900 and 1910, the United 

 States Department of Agriculture introduced about 250 

 varieties from all portions of the Orient. In Europe a 

 number of varieties were introduced by Habeflandt of 

 Vienna in 1875, who experimented with them for a num- 

 ber of years. The crop, 

 however, never obtained 

 any great importance in 

 Europe, but is cultivated 

 to a limited extent, espe- 

 cially in France and 

 Italy. 



.Beginning with 1908, 

 large amounts of soy- 

 beans were exported from 

 Manchuria to Europe 

 and the United States. 

 The beans were utilized 

 for extracting the oil, 

 which was used for vari- 

 ous industrial purposes, 

 and the bean cake was 

 used as cattle food. This 

 trade has had the effect 



of increasing interest in the soybean crop, especially from 

 the standpoint of producing seed. 



The total yield of seed in Manchuria during 1909 is 

 estimated at 2,000,000 tons, of which over one-half is 

 exported as seed, and three-fourths of the remainder as 

 oil cake. 



627. Botany. The erect or nearly erect form of the 

 soybean, as cultivated in Japan and Manchuria, is not 



FIG. 60. Soybean. 



