136 MISCELLANEOUS COOL PLANTS. 



crop in frames or hotbeds. In the neighborhood of Paris 

 such protection is unnecessary, and successive sowings 

 are made in the open ground from November to March, 

 one of the most popular varieties for this purpose being 

 St. Catherine (Pots de Sainte- Catherine). This variety is 

 particularly well adapted to late fall and early winter 

 sowings. In more northern latitudes, either coldframes or 

 hotbeds supply the necessary protection for maturing the 

 crop. Ringleader, Early Dwarf Frame, and Caractacus 

 have been very popular in England. The second named 

 variety is especially adapted for growing in hotbeds. It 

 is exceedingly dwarf and matures very quickly, so that 

 considerable quantities of peas may be harvested from a 

 small area. Taller varieties are generally bent over to 

 admit of their proper growth. 



Peas thrive in a cool temperature, and the protection 

 afforded by comparatively little glass or wood is sufficient 

 to carry them through moderately cold weather. In the 

 northern states, artificial heat must be given if the crop 

 is to be grown during the winter months. As this cannot 

 be done conveniently in frames, larger structures must be 

 employed, and these may easily be supplied with a 

 proper amount of heat for growing this vegetable. A 

 night temperature of 40 to 50, and a day temperature 10 

 to 20 degrees higher, will be sufficient to cause rapid 

 growth and fairly prolific plants. Peas succeed best, as a 

 rule, if grown in solid beds of rich, sandy soil that is well 

 supplied with water. If peas grown under glass are sub- 

 jected to the above conditions, their cultivation presents 

 no serious difficulties, and it will scarcely be necessary 

 to mention the details of more than one crop which 

 we have grown. 



Seeds of two varieties of peas were sown January 6, 

 1894 ; they were Extra Early Market and Rural New- 

 Yorker. They were planted at the same depth as in 

 outdoor culture, but the seed was sown more thickly, and 

 the rows were as close to each other as the after culture 



