THE AGRICULTURAL PESTS OF INDIA. 41 



and vigorous state ; but no sooner has the flow of healthy 

 sap ceased, than a host of young larvae of the Cerambyx 

 vatica are hatched. This species never attacks the timber 

 when the bark has been removed ; and it is only after 

 the tree has been killed and the bark allowed to remain 

 that it is resorted to by the beetles for the purpose of 

 breeding. This and a little buprestis are the only beetles 

 that attack sal wood in the forests of Kamaon and 

 Garhwal. E. Thompson. 



Cerambyx, sp. In some localities of Kamaon and 

 Garhwal, however, the larvae of a species of Cerambyx 

 attack the young saplings in the sal forests to a very great 

 extent. Like the grub of the Prionus on the tea plant, 

 this Cerambyx first bores downwards, then up, destroying 

 the pith, and eating for itself a round channel, extending 

 from the root to the highest point that the insect can 

 reach without disclosing the place of its retreat. The 

 plant is killed. Trees affected by this insect may, how- 

 ever, be known by the little heaps of sawdust-looking 

 excrement collected at their roots, ejected through an 

 aperture made on purpose by the insect. 



Cerambyx, sp. The Cedrela toona and Dalbergia sissoo 

 trees are both affected by a larger species of Cerambyx 

 than is found on sal. Also, a minute species attacks the 

 living bark of Acacia catechu. They get underneath the 

 bark, and eat away the newly -formed wood. Their 

 presence within the tree is detected by the exudation of 

 a gummy substance. R. Thompson. 



Cerambyx, sp. The larva of another species attacks the 

 Rottlera tinctoria. This is over four lines long, and as 

 thick as the thumb. 



The grubs of a species inhabit the mango and pine trees. 



Cerastes. A genus of horned serpents, allied to the 



