70 THE AGRICULTURAL PESTS OF INDIA. 



Department letter, 8th October 1869, forwarding state- 

 ment of cattle found infected during the month of 

 August 1869 : out of 840 slaughtered, 31 were found to 

 have cysts, 19 of these having presented at Peshawar. 

 Statement for September 1869 : out of 732 slaughtered, 

 15 were infected, 7 detected at Peshawar. Statement 

 for October 1869 : out of 390 slaughtered, 6 infected.' 



Helopeltis Antonii, Wood-Mason. Tea-bug or mosquito 

 blight. Other species are H. braconiformis and nigra, 

 Waigiou ; collaris, pellucida, from Philippines ; podagrica 

 and theivora of Assam. See Tea-bug. 



Hemileia vastatrix, an entophyte, causing the leaf 

 disease of the coffee planters of the south of India and 

 Ceylon. It is the fungus of the coffee-leaf disease. 

 Its spore (Uredo spore), germinating on the damp under- 

 surface of the coffee leaf, emits a short delicate tube 

 which sends a prolongation through a stoma, and the 

 further development of this results in the production of 

 the intercellular mycelium. The mycelium of Hemileia 

 not only robs the leaf of valuable materials, but it diverts 

 the flow of nutritive substances, and by occupying space 

 in the tissues of the plants, it prevents these tissues from 

 fulfilling functions of service to the coffee tree. It has 

 been one of the greatest scourges with which the coffee 

 enterprise of Southern India has had to contend. The 

 yield of fruit diminished. Prior to 1874, the average 

 yield for five years in Ceylon had been 4 - 5 cwt. per acre, 

 but in the five succeeding years the yield was only 2*9 cwt. 



Hemiptera, or bugs, an order of insects ; among its 

 destroying genera are the Aphis and Coccus of the two 

 families Aphidse or plant-lice and gall insects. See Bug. 



Hippobosca equina, Linn., the horse-fly, is an insect 

 belonging to the order Diptera. and to the family Pupi- 



