THE AGRICULTURAL PESTS OF INDIA. 89 



of the sheep, and the worm from it occupies the frontal 

 sinuses, and gives rise to fatal diseases. 



Opium. A yellow mould resembling Sporotrichum 

 lias been seen (C. & 2?.) in the heart of a ball of opium, 

 and a white mould also occurs on opium, and more than 

 one species is troublesome in the opium factories of India. 

 C. & B. See Poppy. 



Palm trees are attacked by the Ehynchophorus palm- 

 sirum, the Euchirus longimanus, chafer, the Sphaeno- 

 phorus planipennis, weevil of Ceylon ; and in Malacca, 

 the cocoa-nut trees are further injured by the Xylotrupes 

 gideon and Oryctes rhinoceros. 



Panicum frumentaceum, Roxb., is liable to damage from 

 excessive rain, and suffers from blight. It is sown a little 

 before or after the rains break. The crop is a bountiful 

 one. Vern. Sawan. 



Panicum miliaceum, Linn., is sown in March, and 

 ripens towards the middle of May. It is very liable to 

 damage from the hot winds. D. & F. Vern. Cheehna. 



Paraponyx oryzalis, Wood-Mason. The Burmese people 

 say that their paddy is liable to four "blights, which they 

 name Y-wet-pyat-po, Pin-bo or Oo-shouk-po, Sat-mee, 

 and Palan-byoo, and these have been described by Mr. 

 Mouna Too. The Palau-byoo blight of Burma is caused 

 by the Paraponyx oryzalis of Mr. Wood-Mason, who 

 says it is a small insect belonging to the hetero- 

 cerous division of the order Lepidoptera. In two stages 

 of its metamorphosis, it is known to the Burmese as 

 the Tein-doung-bo and the Palan-byoo, the one being 



