THE AGRICULTURAL PESTS OF INDIA. 91 



parasites, they are usually arranged as Endo-parasites or 

 Entozoa when they infest the internal organs, such as 

 the stomach and bowels, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc. ; and 

 as Ecto-parasites or Epizoa when found on the external 

 surface of the body. 



There are at least other six orders of noxious animals, 

 which though so called are not parasites, but which have 

 a special interest to stock- owners and veterinary practi- 

 tioners, viz. Nematoda, Trematoda, Cestoda, Acanthoce- 

 phala, Diptera, and Trachearia. Mr. W. S. Connochie, 

 V.S. } Selkirk, Lid. Agr. y 19th Dec. 1885. See Helminths, 



Parrots. The tota or rose-ringed parrakeet rips up the 

 ripe capsules of the poppy. If much disturbed, they 

 steal suddenly down, cut off the capsule, which they 

 carry to some adjoining tree. They are usually in 

 small flocks, and if not watched they soon seriously 

 reduce the seed produce of a field. 



Paspalum scrobiculatum, Linn., is sown in the end of 

 June and cut in October. It suffers considerably from 

 the attacks of insects, but is said to be protected from 

 the ravages of birds by its ear being partially concealed 

 in the leaf-sheath, as is the case with the coarse varieties 

 of rice. Its use is liable to produce a sort of intoxica- 

 tion. D. & F. Vern. Koda. 



Peenash, HIND. The larva of some insect takes up its- 

 abode in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, and pro- 

 duces the disease known as the peenash in North- Western 

 India. The larva is small, articulated, and terminates in 

 a spiral tail ; its mouth and eyes are distinct. 



Pellicularia koleroga, hypophylla, effusa, griseo-alba are 

 fungi. Pellicularia koleroga, or black rot, or coffee-leaf 

 rot, a fungus, an epiphyte which injures the leaves of 

 the coffee tree. 



