SEKIES I. PH^NOGAMIA. 



CLASS I. EXOG-EN-ffi . 

 SUBCLASS I.-ANaiOSPERM 



SECTION I POLYPETALM. 



ORDEE I. Karmnculficeae. Crowfootrf amity. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENEBA. 



* Cauline leaves opposite. 



1. CLEMATIS. Petals none. Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. 



* * Acaulesccnt. 



8. HEPATICA. Flowers with an involucre of three obtuse leaves resembling 

 calyx. Sepals petaloid. Petals none. 



7. C6PTIB. Sepals petaloid, white. Petals minute, yellow. 



* * * Caulescent. Petals none. 



2. ANEMONE. Stem with a whorl of leaves near the middle, forming an in- 

 Tolncre. Flowers solitary. Ovaries in dense heads. 



4. TiiAiicTBirM. Flowers in panicles or umbellate clusters. Leaves com- 

 pound. 



6. CALTHA. Sepals large, yellow. Cauline leaves alternate, simple. 



* * * * Caulescent. Petals present* equal in size. 



6. RANCTNCULUS. Sepals herbaceous. Petals mostly yellow, with a necta- 

 riferous scale at the base. Ovaries numerous, separate, in dense heads. 



8. AQUII.EGIA. Sepals petaloid. Petals tubular, tapering into long, hollow, 

 nectariferous spurs descending between the sepals. Follicles 5. 



11. ACTJBA. Sepals deciduous, flowers in solitary racemes, petals small, 

 white ; fruit a globose berry. 



12. PxEdNiA. Sepals 5, herbaceous, persistent Ovaries 2 6, follicles 

 mostly 2. 



18. NIGKLLA. Petals 8-cleft Follicles 5. Leaves dissected. 



***** Caulescent. Petals and. Sepals present* un- 

 equal in size. 



9. DELPHINIUM. Lower sepal spurred at base. Petals 4, 2 upper terminat- 

 ing in a spur inclosed in the calyx spur. 



10. ACONITITM. Upper sepal largest, vaulted. Petals 5, 8 lower minute ; 

 2 upper terminating in spurs concealed in the vaulted upper sepal. 



1. CLEMATIS. 



Sepals 4 8, colored. Petals none. Anthers linear, extrorse. 

 Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. Per. 



1. C. Virginiana. Virgin's Sower. 



Stem climbing by its petioles ; leaves ternate, smooth ; leaflets ovate, some- 

 what cordate at base, acuminate, dentate ; flowers in panicles, axillary, often 

 dioecious, white ; sepals pubescent ; fruit covered with long hairs, which cause 

 the plant, when in fruit, to appear at a distance as if in bloom. A vine climbing 

 over the bushes, in thickets and low grounds, 10 15 feet long. Aug. 



2. ANEMONE. 



Involucre distant from the flower, composed of 3 incised 

 leaves. Sepals 5 15, petaloid. Ovaries collected into roundish 

 or oval heads. Achenia mucronate. Per. 



1. A. nemer6sa. Wood Anemone. 



Stem simple, smooth ; leaves ternate ; leaflets 8 6-lobed ; lobes oblanceo- 

 late, dentate ; involucre of 3 leaves, on short petioles near the top of the stem ; 

 Bowers solitary, nodding, somewhat campanula!?, white, purplish outside; 



heads of achenia small, globose. A pretty little plant growing from 8' 6* high, 

 in old woods and thickets. April May. 



2. A. Virginiana. Wind-flower. 



Stem pubescent; leaves ternate ; leaflets petiolulate, 2 3-cleft, ovate, dentate, 

 pubescent ; flowers greenish white, with the sepals pubescent beneath, on long 

 peduncles ; heads of fruit }' long, woolly, oblong, cylindrical ; stem 2 8 feet 

 high, with a 8-leaved involucre, from which arise 2 1 long, pubescent pedun- 

 cles. A coarse-looking plant, very different from the foregoing. Pastures and 

 fields. June July. 



8. HEPATICA. 



Involucre resembling a calyx, very near the flower, composed 

 of 8 ovate, obtuse bracts. Sepals petaloid, 6 9 in number, ar- 

 ranged in 2 3 rows. Petals none. Achenia awnless. Per. 



1. H. triloba. Heart Liverwort. 



Acaulescent; leaves broadly cordate, mostly 8-lobed, with the lobes entire, 

 smooth, evergreen, on long, hairy petioles ; scapes hairy, 1-flowered, flower nod- 

 ding ; involucre resembling a calyx, green, hairy ; sepals varying from a bluish 

 purple to nearly white, scarcely as long as the bracts of the involucre, oblong, 

 obtuse. A beautiful little plant growing on wooded hill-sides, and one of the 

 earliest to appear in spring, sometimes peeping out before the snow has entirely 

 gone. March April. 



4. THALlCTEUM. 



Sepals 4 5, petaloid, caducous. Petals none. Stamens nu- 

 merous. Carpels 4 15, tipped with the stigma, falcate. Per. 



1. T. dioicum. 



Very smooth ; stem erect ; leaves bl- or trlternately decompound ; leaflets 

 rhomboidal, obtuse, 8 5-lobed ; flowers dicecious or polygamous, green, panl- 

 cled, with a long peduncle ; sepals 5, purplish, obtuse, caducous ; stamens of the 

 barren flowers with long filaments and bright yellow anthers; fertile flowers 

 smaller, with 6 8 shorter stamens. A branching green herb, of no beauty, 

 found in rocky woods, 12 feet high. April May. 



2. T. Cornuti. Meadow Hue. 



Stem erect, branching, smooth ; leaves triternate, sessile ; leaflets rhomboi- 

 dal, 2 8-lobed, mostly smooth ; flowers in large, terminal, compound panicles, 

 white, small, dioecious or polygamous; sepals white, oblong, caducous; fila- 

 ments somewhat clavate. A tall plant growing in wet meadows, 8 6 feet high, 

 with very large leaves, and a hollow rounded stem. June July. 



3. T. anemonoides. Hue Anemone. 



Stem low, simple, smooth ; radical leaves biternate, on long petioles ; leaf- 

 lets rhomboidal, 2 8-lobed ; stem leaves 8, ternate, nearly sessile, verticillate, 

 resembling an involucre ; leaflets nearly sessile ; flowers much larger than those 

 of the other species, 86, in a terminal umbel ; sepals 6 10, oval, white, 

 sometimes tinged with purple, not caducous. The root consists of 46 oblong 



