ORDER LXVII. ERICACEAE HEATH-FAMILY. 



175 



18. MONOTROPA. Flowers solitary. 

 12. HYPUPITTS. Flowers raceinod. 



1. GAYLUSSACIA. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla urceolate or ovoid, with a 5-cleft 

 reflexed limb. Stamens 10. Anthers awnless. Fruit a drup 

 resembling a berry, with 8 10 seeds, or rather little nuts 

 Shrubs. 



1. G. frondosa. Dangleberry. 



Smooth, with terete, slender branches ; leaves oblong-obovate, obtuse, en 

 tire, pale and glaucous beneath, covered with minute resinous dots ; flowers ii 

 loose bracteate racemes ; pedicels filiform, bracted near the middle, drooping 

 corolla ovoid-campanulate, nearly globose, small, of a reddish-white color ; ber- 

 ries large, blue, ripening late, covered when mature with a glaucous bloom, swcei 

 and edible. This shrub is distinguished by its slender, nodding racemes, with 

 filiform pedicels, and its late fruit Stem 35 ft high. Common in low wood- 

 lands and thickets. June. 



2. G. resinosa. Huckleberry. Wlwrtleberry. 



Very branching; branches rigid, brownish, and slightly pubescent when 

 young ; leaves oval, oblong-ovate, or oblong, entire, more or less obtuse, clam- 

 my with resinous dots when young, petiolate, somewhat paler beneath ; flowers 

 small, greenish, striped with red, covered with resinous dots, in short, clustered, 

 drooping racemes ; pedicels short, with small, reddish, deciduous bracts ; corolla 

 ovoid-conic, contracted at apex ; style exsert ; berries black, destitute of bloom, 

 ripe in July and August A very common shrub in woods and neglected pas- 

 tures, growing 14 ft high, with a bushy top and brittle stem. May June. 



2. VACClNlUM. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla urceolate, campanulate, or cylin- 

 drical. Limb 4 5-cleft, revolute. Stamens 8 10. Anthers 

 often 2-awned on the back. Berry 4 5-celled, many-seeded, 

 sometimes apparently 8 10-celled. 



1. V. macrocarpon. Cranberry. 



Evergreen ; stem trailing, filiform, with erect branches ; leaves scattered, 

 oblong, obtuse, glaucous beneath, about $' long, with slightly revolute edges; 

 flowers rather large, on long, axillary pedicels ; corolla deeply 4-parted, flesh- 

 colored ; segments reflexed, linear ; berries on drooping, filiform pedicels, glo- 

 bular, bright scarlet, smooth, juicy, of a keen acid taste, ripe in Oct A creep- 

 Ing shrubby plant, common in boggy meadows. June. 



2. V. Pennsylvanicum. Low Blueberry. 



Low, smooth ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, or oblong lanceolate, minutely but 

 distinctly serrate, with mucronate teeth, smooth and shining on both sides, 

 often with a puberulent midvein ; corolla short, reddish-white^ cylindric, some- 

 what campannlate. A low shrub in dense patches, 6' 12' high, with green, 

 angular, warty branches. The berries are large, blue, and sweet, ripening early 

 in July. Dry hills and woods. May. 



3. V. vacillans. Blueberry. 



Shrub with angular, green branches ; leaves oval or obovato, more or less 

 obtuse, of a pale, dull green, smooth on both sides, glaucous beneath, serrulate, 

 ciliate ; flowers numerous, in dense, subterminal, sessile racemes, on nearly 

 naked branchlets ; corolla yellowish or reddish-white, broadly cylindric-cam- 

 panulate; berries blue, large and sweet ripe in July and August A common 

 shrub, 12 ft. high, in open woods, and dry, hilly grounds. May June. 



4. V. corymbosum. Swamp Huckleberry. 



Tall ; leaves oblong, or oval-obovate, smooth on both sides, usually acute at 

 both ends, slightly pubescent beneath when young; flowers in short, sessile 

 racemes, on nearly leafless branchlets ; corolla large for the genus, white or 

 slightly tinged with red, cylindric, slightly contracted at the mouth ; stamens 

 Included ; berries large, deep-blue, ripe in August and September. A well- 

 known species, 4 8 ft high, common in swamps, distinguished by its flowers 

 usually preceding the leaves. May June. 



5. V. fuscatum. Black Bilberry. 



Tall ; leaves oblong or oval obovate, downy beneath and frequently on the 

 veins above, acute at both ends, mostly entire ; flowers in short, sessile racemes, 

 on nearly naked branchlets ; corolla ovoid, rather small, reddish or greenish- 

 white ; berry small, purplish-black, without bloom, subacid, tipped with the 

 conspicuous calyx teeth. Equally common with the last from which it Is dis- 

 tinguished by its smaller flowers, smaller, black fruit, and the downy under 

 surface of the leaves. Shrub, 48 ft high. June. 



8. AECTOSTAPHYLOS. 



Calyx 5-parted, persistent. Corolla ovoid ; limb short, revo 

 lute, 5-toothed. Stamens 10. Drupe 5-seeded. 



1. A. uva-ursi. 



Bearberry. 



Stem woody, trailing ; leaves evergreen, thick and leathery, obovate, entire, 

 smooth and shining ; flowers white, tinged with rose, in short, drooping racemes, 

 terminating the branches, furnished with small, scaly bracts ; corolla bell-form, 

 much contracted at mouth, hairy inside ; berry red, insipid, and unpleasant to 

 the taste. An evergreen shrub, very pretty in flower, quite common, especially 

 northward. Mountains and hilly woods. May June. 



4. GAULTIIERIA. 



Calyx 5-cleft, with 2 bracts at base. Corolla ovoid-cylindnc, 

 with 5 short, revolute teeth. Stamens 10, hairy, included. Fruit 

 5-celled, 5-valved, inclosed when ripe in the thickened, fleshy 

 lobes of the calyx, thus resembling a berry. 



1. G. prociimbens. Checker-berry, Partridge-berry. 



Stem creeping, either above or below the surface, and throwing up simple, 

 erect branches ; leaves evergreen, obovate or oval, shining above, mostly entire, 

 mucronate, in tufts at the summit of the branches ; flowers few, axillary, nod- 

 ding ; corolla white, contracted at the month ; berry bright red, and together 

 with the leaves of a pleasant, spicy flavor. A little plant, very common in 

 woods, especially under the shade of evergreens, well known for its aromatic 

 qualities. The creeping stem sends up numerous branches 2' 4! high. June 

 July. 



5. EPIGJlA. 



Calyx 5-parted, with 3 bracts at base. Corolla salver-form ; 

 tube hairy within, as 'long as the 5 'spreading segments of the 

 limb. Stamens 10, with filiform filaments. Capsule 5-celled, 5- 

 valved, many-seeded. 



1. E. repens. Trailing Arbutus. May- flower. 



Stem trailing, clothed with long, rusty hairs; leaves evergreen, ovate, mostly 

 cordate at base, entire, reticulated, covered with a bristly, reddish pubescence ; 

 flowsrs erect, in small, axillary clusters, very fragrant ; corolla white, often 

 tinged with rose-color. A handsome plant, blooming early, and a universal 

 favorite, on account of its beauty and fragrance. 



6. ANDROMEDA. 



Calyx 5-parted, minute, persistent. Corolla ovoid-cylindric ; 

 limb with 5 reflexed teeth. Stamens 8 10, included. Anthers 

 opening by terminal pores. Capsule 5-celled, 5-valved, many- 

 seeded. 



1. A. ligustrina. 



Panicled Andromeda. 



Leaves deciduous, obovate, or oblong-obovate, acuminate, pubescent be- 

 neath, nearly entire; flowers small, dull-white, in dense, compound, naked 

 racemes, forming contracted, leafless panicles, terminating the branches ; co- 

 rolla subglobose, pubescent without ; filaments pubescent A very common 

 shrub, 85 ft high, in swamps and low grounds. June. 



2. A. calyculata. Early Andromeda. 



Leaves evergreen, elliptical, obtuse, nearly entire, somewhat revolnte on the 

 margin, rusty beneath ; flowers white, in leafy, terminal, somewhat recurved 

 racemes ; calyx bracteate at base ; corolla oblong-cylindric ; filaments smooth. 

 An early flowering shrub in swamps and wet grounds, distinguished by its 

 nearly 1-sided racemes of axillary flowers. April May. 



7. CLETHRA. 



Calyx 5-parted, persistent. Petals 5, distinct. Stamens 10, 

 xsert. Style slender, persistent. Stigma 3-cleft. Capsule 3- 

 celled, 3-valved, many-seeded, inclosed in the calyx 



1. C. alternifolia. Sweet-pepper Bush. 



Leaves wedge-obovate, serrate, smooth, green on both sides, acute, tapering 

 o a short petiole ; flowers white, fragrant, in erect, terminal, simple or com- 

 pound racemes; calyx and peduncles hoary-pubescent; anthers light-brown. 

 An elegant shrub, 410 ft. high, with foliage somewhat like that of the Alder, 

 ~oinnion in swamps and low grounds. July Aug. 



a RHODODENDRON. 



Calyx 5-parted, persistent Corolla funnel-form or campanu- 

 ate, 5-lobed, with spreading, usually unequal lobes. Stamens 5 

 10, and with the single style, usually exsert and declinate. 



