ORDER LXXVm. SCROPHULARIACEJ2 FIGWORT-PAMILY. 



179 



2. V. Blattaria. 



Moth Mullein. 



Stem simple or branching *bove, leafy, erect; leaves smooth, clasping, ob- 

 long, coarsely serrate, the lower petlolate ; flowers pedicellate, in a long, leafy 

 raceme, yellow or white, usually tinged with purple ; stamens unequal, with 

 purple, woolly filaments. A much slenderer plant than the last, smooth and 

 green throughout, with larger and handsomer flowers. Stem 2 3 ft. high. 

 Road-sides ; common in some districts. Introduced. June July, 



2. LINABIA. 



( 'al yx 5-parted. Corolla personate ; upper lip bifid, reflexed ; 

 lower lip 3-cleft ; palate prominent, nearly closing the throat ; 

 tube inflated and spurred. Stamens 4* Capsule opening at the 

 summit, by 1 2 pores. 



1. L. vulgaris. 



Toad-flax Snapdragon. 



Smooth and glaucous ; stem erect, with short, leafy branches ; leaves alter- 

 nate, crowded, linear-lanceolate; flowers yellow, in dense, terminal spikes; 

 bracts longer than the short pedicels ; corolla with a long spur, the throat com- 

 pletely closed by the orange-colored palate. Common along road-sides. July 

 Aug. Per. 



2. L. Canadensis. Canadian Snapdragon. 



Smooth ; stem slender, erect, nearly simple ; leaves linear, erect, smooth, 

 scattered, obtuse ; flowers small, blue, in an elongated, slender, terminal raceme, 

 on short pedicels ; spur filiform, curved, as long as the corolla. A more slender 

 plant than the last, common along road-sides and in sandy soils. The stem is 

 6' 15' high, and 'tften has procumbent or ascending shoots at base, with small, 

 remote, chiefly opposite leaves. June. Oct. An. 



3. ANTIKRHtNUM. 



Calyx f depaled. Corolla gibbous at base ; upper lip bifid, 

 reflexed ; lower lip trifid, closed by the prominent palate. Cap- 

 sule without valves, opening by 3 pores. Per. 



1. A. majus. 



Snapdragon. 



Stem erect; leaves lanceolate, opposite; upper ones alternate; flowers in 

 terminal racemes, pink, with the lip white, and the mouth yellow ; sepals lan- 

 ceolate, acute, covered with glandular hairs. There are varieties with scarlet 

 and with double flowers. Gardens. Aug July. Per. 



4. 8CROPHULARIA. 



Calyx-segments 5, acute. Corolla-tube subglobose; limb con- 

 tracted, somewhat 2-lipped ; upper lip with 4 erect lobes ; lower 

 lip spreading. Stamens 4, decimate. A 6th stamen is also pre- 

 sent in the form of a scale on the inside of the corolla-tube, at the 

 summit Capsule 2-celled, many-seeded. Per. 



1. S. nodosa. Figwort. 



Smooth ; stem tall, angular, branching ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, the 

 upper ones varying to lanceolate, all acute, dentate or serrate, petiolate, mostly 

 cordate or rounded at base ; flowers of a dull purple, In loose cymes, which 

 are arranged in a long, narrow, terminal, leafless panicle, with opposite branches ; 

 calyx-teeth broad, obtuse, somewhat margined. A rank, tall plant 4 6 ft. 

 high, growing in low grounds and thickets. Not common in N. England, but 

 abundant Westward and Southward. July. 



5. CHEL6NE. 



Calyx-sepals distinct, with 3 bracts at base. Corolla tubular, 

 inflated, 2-lipped; upper lip arched, emarginate; lower lip 

 bearded at the throat, 3-lofled. Stamens with woolly filaments 

 and woolly, cordate anthers ; 6th filament sterile and smaller than 

 the others. Seeds with broad, membranous margins. Per. 



\. C. glabra. 



Snake-head. 



Smooth; stem erect, simple or branching; leaves opposite, lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, serrate, on very short petioles ; flowers large, white, varying to rose- 

 color, in dense, short spikes ; corolla with an open throat and contracted mouth ; 

 style long, exsert. A common plant, 2 8 ft. high, growing in wet grounds, dis- 

 tinguished by the flowers, which have some resemblance to the open mouth of 



a snake. July Sep. 



6. MtMDLUS. 



Calyx prismatic, 5-toothed. Corolla tubular, ringent ; upper 

 lip erect, and reflexed at the sides, 2-lobed ; lower lip with a 

 prominent palate, 3-lobed. Stamens 4. Stigma thick, 2-lipped. 

 Capsule 2-celled, many-seeded. Per. 



1. M. ringens. Monkey-flower. 



Smooth ; stem erect, square, branching ; leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate or 

 lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, more or lees clasping at base ; flowers large, on 

 solitary, axillary, square peduncles, longer than themselves, and curved up- 

 wards ; corolla pale-blue, with a yellow throat. A handsome plant, 1 2 ft, 

 high, common In wet places. July Aug. 



1 GRATiOLA. 



Calyx-segments, nearly equal. Corolla 2-lipped; upper lip 

 entire or 2-cleft ; lower lip without a prominent palate, 3-cleft 

 Fertile stamens 2, included usually with an anterior pair of sterile 

 filaments. Style dilated or 2-lipped at apex. Capsule 2-celled, 4- 

 valved, many-seeded. 



1. Gr. Virginiana. Virginian Hedge Hyssop. 



Nearly or quite smooth ; stem low^ erect, simple or branching ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile, opposite, slightly serrate, tapering at base; 

 flowers small, on axillary peduncles, longer than the leaves ; corolla whitish, 

 generally with a pale yellow tube, twice longer than the calyx ; sterile filaments 

 none. A low plant 3' 8' high, common in muddy grounds. July Aug. Per. 



2. Gr. aurea. Golden Hedge Hyssop. 



Smooth ; stem decumbent at base, erect above, square, simple, or with as- 

 cending branches; leaves oblong-lanceolate, nearly entire, few-nerved, opposite, 

 sessile; flowers solitary, on axillary peduncles scarcely equalling the leaves; 

 larger than in the last, golden yellow ; sterile filaments 2, minute. A handsome 

 plant, 3' 8' high, common on the borders of ponds. AugSep. Per. 



8. ILYSANTHE9. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 2-lipped ; upper lip short, erect, 2- 

 cleft ; lower large, spreading, 3-cleft Fertile stamens, 2, in- 

 cluded, posterior. Sterile stamens 2, anterior, forked, mostly 

 without anthers, with one of the divisions glandular and obtuse, 

 and the other short and smooth, acute. Style 2-lipped at apex. 

 Capsule many-seeded. 



1. I. gratioloides. False Pimpernel. 



Smooth ; stem ascending, branching, low ; leaves opposite, sessile, ovate or 

 oblong, sparingly serrate, more or less obtuse, the lower ones sometimes obo- 

 vato and tapering at base ; flowers small, pale-blue, solitary, on axillary, bract- 

 less peduncles ; corolla erect, twice longer than the calyx. A low plant, 2' 4' 

 high, common in wet and muddy grounds. July Aug. Per. 



9. DIGITALIS, 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla campanulate, ventricose. .Limb of 

 5 nearly equal lobes. Capsule ovate, 2-celled, 2-valved, with a 

 double dissepiment 



1. D. purpurea. 



Foxglove. 



Stem erect; leaves oblong, rugose, downy, crenate, lower ones crowded, pe- 

 ;iolate ; flowers large, crimson, beautifully spotted within, in a long showy, 1- 

 sided raceme ; calyx-segments ovate-oblong ; corolla obtuse, upper lip entire. 

 A tall, showy biennial, common in gardens. July. 



10. VERONICA. 



Calyx 4-parted. Corolla rotate or tubular, deeply 4-cleft ; 

 lower segments usually narrower than the rest. Stamens 2, ex- 

 sert, one on each side of the upper lobe of the corolla. Style 

 entire. Stigma single. Capsule compressed, 2-furrowed, often 

 emarginate at apex, 2-celled, few to many-seeded. 



* Tall plants, with verticiUate leaves and tubular corollas. 



1. V. Virginica. Culver's Physic. 



Mostly smooth ; stem erect, simple, straight, tall ; leaves lanceolate, petio- 

 ate, acute, or acuminate, finely serrate, in whorls of 47, glaucous beneath ; 

 flowers white, In dense, terminal and subtenninal, panicled spikes; corolla tu- 

 bular, pubescent within ; stamens and style much exsert, twice as long as tho 

 corolla; capsule not emarginate. A tall, elegant plant, 26 ft high, not uncom- 

 mon in rich, low grounds, frequent in cultivation. July. Per. 



* * Leaves opposite. Corolla nearly or quite rotate. 



2. V. Americana. Brooklime. 



Smooth and rather fleshy ; stem decumbent at base, and then erect ; leaves 

 mostly petlolate, ovate, or oblong, serrate, more or less acute, abrupt, or some- 

 what cordate at base ; flowers small, in opposite, loose racemes, on slender, 



