182 



OKDER LXXX. LABIATJ3 LABIATE-FAMILY. 



2. L. Virginicus. 



Bugle Weed. 



Smooth ; stem obtusely 4-angled, with concave sides, sending out runners 

 from the base; leaves ovate-lanceolate, or oblong, coarsely-toothed, tapering 

 and entire toward the base, on short petioles; flowers small, purplish-white, in 

 few-flowered, axillary whorls; calyx-teeth 4, ovate, obtuse. Stem 10' 15' 

 high. A species much resembling the last in general appearance. The whole 

 plant frequently assumes a purple color. Not uncommon in low grounds. 

 July Aug. 



4. MONARDA. 



Calyx elongated, tubular, 15-nerved, subequally 5-toothed. 

 Corolla tubular, with a somewhat inflated throat. Limb strongly 

 2-lipped ; upper lip linear, erect ; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed ; 

 middle lobe narrowest and slightly emarginate. Stamens 2, 

 elongated, ascending beneath the upper lip, mostly exsert. An- 

 thers linear. Cells divaricate at base, connate at apex. Per. 



1. M. didyma. 



High Balm. 



Somewhat pubescent; stem erect, usually branching; leaves ovate, or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded or somewhat cordate at base, rough, on 

 short petioles ; bracts and uppermost leaves linged with red ; flowers in dense, 

 terminal heads, from which other and smaller heads sometimes arise; calyx 

 smooth, colored, nearly naked at the throat ; corolla large and showy, smooth, 

 very long, bright red or scarlet. A very elegant and showy plant, 2 3 ft high, 

 native of swamps in the more Northern States, frequent in cultivation. July. 



2. M. fistulosa. 



Wild Bergamot. 



Nearly smooth, varying to downy ; stem erect, solid, or more or less hollow, 

 simple, or with a few opposite branches; leaves petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rounded, or slightly hearted at base, acute or acuminate ; flowers in a few, 

 dense, terminal, many-flowered heads, surrounded by sessile bracts, the upper 

 and outer of which are leafy and often colored ; calyx very hairy at the throat; 

 corolla pale purple, greenish-white, pale yellow, or rose-color, smooth or hairy. 

 A very variable plant, assuming a great number of forms. Stem 2 4 ft. high. 

 Not uncommon in woods, thickets, and rocky banks, especially in the Middle 

 and "Western States. July Sept. 



5. SlLVIA. 



Calyx campanulate, striate, bilabiate ; upper lip 2 8-cleft ; 

 lower lip 2-cleft. Corolla deeply 2-lipped, ringent; upper lip 

 straight, or slightly curved, mostly entire ; lower lip spreading, 

 3-lobed. Stamens 2, with short filaments. Connectile articu- 

 lated transversely to the filament, supporting at each end a cell 

 of the halved anther. Per. 



1. S. officinalis. 



Sage. 



Stem low, shrubby ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, crenulate, of a dull, grayish- 

 green ; flowers in few-flowered whorls, arranged in spikes ; calyx-teeth rnucro- 

 nate, viscid ; corolla blue, ringent, with an elongated tube ; upper lip as long 

 as the lower, and somewhat vaulted. A very common garden plant, highly 

 esteemed for its peculiar aromatic properties. July. 



6. PTCNANTHEMUM. 



Calyx more or less tubular, about 13-nerved, 5-toothed. Co- 

 rolla bilabiate, with a short tube ; upper lip nearly flat, and 

 almost or quite entire ; lower lip with 8 ovate, obtuse lobes. 

 Stamens distant. Anther-cells parallel. Per. 



1. P. incanum. Mountain Mint. 



Stem erect, obtusely 4-angled, white-downy, with a few opposite branches ; 

 leaves oblong-ovate, remotely toothed, acute, downy above, hoary beneath, on 

 short, downy petioles; uppermost whitish on both sides; flowers in dense 

 whorls, forming loose, compound cymes or heads, which are surrounded by 

 numerous bracts, and supported on white, downy peduncles ; inner bracts se- 

 taceous, tipped with a bristle at the end ; outer ones lanceolate ; corolla flesh- 

 color or pale purple ; tho lower lip spotted with dark purple ; calyx bilabiate, 

 the 3 upper segments being united and bearded at the extremity. An aromatic, 

 very woolly plant, 2 8 ft. high, common in rocky, hilly woods. July Aug. 



2. P. muticum. Wild Basil. 



Smooth or slightly hairy ; stem erect, corymbosely branching, pubescent on 

 the angles ; leaves ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded or somewhat cor 

 date at base, nearly or quite sessile, usually with a few small teeth ; uppermost 

 hoary, with a soft, short pubescence ; flowers in dense, axillary and terminal, 

 bracted whorls; bracts white-downy, lanceolate or subulate, awned; calyx-teeth 



triangular-ovate, white-downy ; corolla purplish-white, spotted, especially the 

 lower lip, with brownish-purple. A common species, in dry woods and fields, 

 possessing a pleasant, Mint-like flavor and smell. Aug. 



3. P. lanceolatum. Narrow-leaved Wild Basil. 



Smooth or slightly downy ; stem erect, pubescent on the angles, very 

 branching, leafy ; leaves lanceolate, varying to linear, acute, entire, obtuse at 

 base, sessile, often with axillary fascicles of leaves or branchlets ; flowers in 

 dense heads, forming a terminal corymb ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 white-downy ; calyx-teeth short triangular, white-downy ; corolla pale pur- 

 plish-white, spotted with brownish-purple. A very common species, 1 3 ft 

 high, possessing the same aromatic properties as the preceding one. Thickets 

 and fields. July Aug. 



7. TH^MUS. 



Calyx bilabiate, about 13-nerved, hairy in the throat; upper 

 lip 3-toothed ; lower lip 2-cleft, with subulate, ciliate divisions. 

 Corolla short, somewhat 2-lipped ; upper lip flattish, emarginate ; 

 lower lip spreading, with 3 nearly equal teeth. Stamens 4, dis- 

 tant, mostly exsert. 



1. T. vulgaris. 



Thyme. 



Stems decumbent at base, ascending, suffruticose, branching, tufted ; leaves 

 oblong-ovate, or lanceolate, entire, veiny, revolute on the margins; flowers iu 

 whorls, arranged so as to form terminal, leafy spikes ; corolla purplish. A cu- 

 linary herb, frequently cultivated for its highly aromatic properties. June 

 Aug. Bien. 



2. T. Serpyllum. 



Mother of Thyme. 



Stems decumbent at base, ascending, suffruticose, wiry, branching, slender, 

 leafy, downy above, tufted; leaves ovate, obtuse, entire, on short petioles, more 

 or less cillate, punctate ; flowers in dense, oblong heads terminating the 

 branches; corolla purple, spotted. A species equally aromatic with the last, 

 frequent in cultivation, sometimes naturalized. Jane July. Per. 



8. SATUR&IA. 



Calyx tubular, 10-nerved. Corolla bilabiate. Lips nearly 

 equal. Stamens diverging, scarcely exsert. An. 



1. S. hortensis. Summer Savory. 



Stem branching, bushy, woody at base, often changing to purple ; leaves 

 numerous, oblong-linear, entire, acute, small and narrow ; flowers light purplo 

 or pink, in axillary cymes ; calyx nearly as long as the corolla. An aromatic 

 pot-herb, common in gardens. Stem 10' 18' high. July Aug. 



9. H^SSOPUS. ' 



Corolla bilabiate ; upper lip erect, flat, emarginate ; lower 

 lip 3-parted ; tube about as long as the calyx. Per. 



1. H. officinalis. Hyssop. 



Stems erect, tufted ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, entire, sessile ; flowers 

 in racemose one-sided verticils, bright blue ; calyx-teeth erect ; middle segment 

 of the lower lip of the corolla 2-lobed. A handsome plant, frequently culti- 

 vated in gardens for its medicinal properties. Stem 2 ft. high. July. 



10. COLLINS6NIA. 



Calyx bilabiate, declinate in fruit; upper lip truncate, 3- 

 toothed ; lower lip 2-toothed. Corolla exsert, expanded above, 

 somewhat bilabiate ; upper lip with 4 nearly equal lobes ; lower 

 lip longer, declinate, lacerately-fringed. Stamens 2, rarely want- 

 ing, much exsert, diverging. Per. 



1. C. Canadensis. Horse- Balm. 



Nearly or quite smooth; stem erect, square, branching; leaves ovate, 

 coarsely serrate, on long petioles, acuminate ; flowers rather large, in racemes, 

 forming a terminal panicle; corolla pale yellow, with a conspicuously fringed 

 lower lip; calyx-teeth subulate, shorter than the tube; style and stamens very 

 long. A tall, rather coarse herb, 86 ft. high, slightly fragrant, common in 

 damp, rich soils. July Sept. 



11. HEDtOMA. 



Calyx nearly tubular, gibbous at base, 13-ribbed, bilabiate ; 

 upper lip 3-toothed ; lower 2-toothed ; throat hairy. Corolla 

 bilabiate; upper lip flat, erect, emarginate; lower lip spreading, 

 3-lobed ; lobes nearly equal. Stamens 2, sometimes accompanied 

 by 2 sterile filaments. An. 



