ANTERIOR FEMORAL REGION. 



327 



relation, by its anterior surface, with the fascia lata, Rectus and Sartorius ; behind, 

 with the capsule of the hip-joint, a synovial bursa common to it and the Psoas 

 magnus being interposed. 



Nerves. The Psose muscles are supplied by the anterior branches of the lumbar 

 nerves. The Iliacus from the anterior crural. 



Actions. The Psoas and Iliacus muscles, acting from above, flex the thigh upon 

 the pelvis, and, at the same time, rotate the femur outwards, from the obliquity 

 of their insertion into the inner and back part of that bone. Acting from below, 

 the femur being fixed, the muscles of both sides bend the lumbar portion of the 

 spine and pelvis forwards. They also serve to maintain the erect position, by 

 supporting the spine and pelvis upon the femur, and assist in raising the trunk 

 when the body is in the recumbent posture. 



The Psoas parvus is a tensor of the iliac fascia. 



ANTERIOR FEMORAL REGION. 



Tensor Vaginae Femoris. 



Sartorius. 



Rectus. 



Subcrureus. 



Yastus Externus. 

 Yastus Internus. 

 Crureus. 



Dissection. To expose the muscles and fasciae in this region, an incision should be made 

 along Poupart's ligament, from the spine of the Ilium to the pubes, from the centre of which a 

 vertical incision must be carried along the middle p . 186 ._ Dissec tion of Lower Extremity, 

 line of the thigh to below the knee-joint, and con- Front View. 



nected with a transverse incision, carried from 

 the inner to the outer side of the leg. The flaps J I 



of integument having been removed, the super- 

 ficial and deep fascia? should be examined. The 

 more advanced student would commence the 

 study of this region by an examination of the 

 anatomy of femoral hernia, and Scarpa's triangle, 

 the incisions for the dissection of which are 

 marked out in the accompanying figure. 



FASCIAE OF THE THIGH. 







The superficial fascia forms a continu- 

 ous layer over the whole of the lower 

 extremity, and consists of areolar tissue, 

 containing in its meshes much adipose 

 matter, and capable of being separated 

 into two or more layers, between which 

 are found the superficial vessels and 

 nerves. It varies in thickness in differ- 

 ent parts of the limb ; in the sole of the 

 foot it is so thin as to be scarcely demon- 

 strable, the integument being closely ad- 

 herent to the deep fascia beneath, but in 

 the groin it is thicker, and the two layers 

 are separated from one another by the 

 superficial inguinal glands, the internal 

 saphenous vein, and several smaller ves- 

 sels. Of these two layers, the most 

 superficial is continuous above with the 

 superficial fascia of the abdomen, the deep 

 layer becoming blended with the fascia 

 lata, a little below Poupart's ligament. 

 The deep layer of superficial fascia is in- 

 timately adherent to the margins of the 



/ . Disatetion 



\ FEMORAL HERNIA, 



, * 



SCARPAS TRIANGLE 



2. FRONT jf THIGH 



3 . FRONTrf LEO 



DORSUM^FOOT 



