FACIAL. 375 



both in the neck, and on the face, is remarkably tortuous ; in the former situation, 

 to accommodate itself to the movements of the pharynx in deglutition ; and in the 

 latter, to the movements of the jaw, and the lips and cheeks. 



Relations. In the neck, its origin is superficial, being covered by the integument, 

 Platysma, and fascia ; it then passes beneath the Digastric and Stylo-hyoid muscles, 

 and the submaxillary gland. On the face, where it passes over the body of the lower 

 jaw, it is comparatively superficial, being covered by the Platysma. In this situa- 

 tion, its pulsation may be distinctly felt, and compression of the vessel effectually 

 made against the bone. In its course over the face, it is covered by the integu- 

 ment, the fat of the cheek, and, near the angle of the mouth, by the Platysma and 

 Zygomatic muscles. It rests on the Buccinator, the Levator anguli oris, and the 

 Levator labii superioris alasque nasi. It is accompanied by the facial vein 

 throughout its entire course ; the vein is not tortuous like the artery, and, on the 

 face, is separated from that vessel by a considerable interval. The branches of 

 the facial nerve cross this vessel, and the infra-orbital nerve lies beneath it. 



The branches of this vessel may be divided into two sets, the cervical, those 

 given off below the jaw ; and the facial those on the face. 



Cervical Branches. Facial Branches. 



Inferior or Ascending Palatine. Muscular. 



Tonsillar. Inferior Labial. 



Submaxillary. Inferior Coronary. 



Submental. Superior Coronary. 



Lateralis Nasi. 



Angular. 



The inferior or ascending palatine (fig. 212) passes up between the Stylo-glossus 

 and Stylo-pharyngeus to the outer side of the pharynx. After supplying these 

 muscles, the tonsil, and Eustachian tube, it divides, near the Levator palati, into 

 two branches ; one follows the course of the Tensor palati, supplies the soft palate 

 and the palatine glands ; the other passes to the tonsil, which it supplies, anasto- 

 mosing with the tonsillar artery. These vessels inosculate with the posterior 

 palatine branch of the internal maxillary artery. 



The tonsillar branch (fig. 212) passes up along the side of the pharynx, and, 

 perforating the Superior constrictor, ramifies in the substance of the tonsil and 

 root of the tongue. 



The submaxillary consist of three or four large branches, which supply the 

 submaxillary gland, some being prolonged to the neighboring muscles, lymphatic 

 glands, and integument. 



The submental, the largest of the cervical branches, is given off from the facial 

 artery, just as that vessel quits the submaxillary gland ; it runs forwards upon the 

 Mylo-hyoid muscle, just below the body of the jaw, and beneath the Digastric, 

 and, after supplying the muscles attached to the jaw, and anastomosing with the 

 sublingual artery, arrives at the symphysis of the chin, where it divides into a 

 superficial and a deep branch ; the former turns round the chin, and, passing 

 between the integument and Depressor labii inferioris, supplies both, and anasto- 

 moses with the inferior labial. The deep branch passes between the latter 

 muscle and the bone, supplies the lip, and anastomoses with the inferior labial and 

 mental arteries. 



The muscular branches are distributed to the internal Pterygoid, Masseter,.and 

 Buccinator. 



The inferior labial passes beneath the Depressor anguli oris, to supply the 

 muscles and integument of the lower lip, anastomosing with the inferior coronary 

 and submental branches of the facial, and with the mental branch of the inferior 

 dental artery. 



The inferior coronary is derived from the facial artery near the angle of the 



