40 



THE SKELETON. 



near the root of the pedicle, by two demi-facets, one above, the other below. These 

 are covered with cartilage in the recent state, and, when articulated with the adjoin- 

 ing vertebrae, form, with the intervening fibro-cartilage, oval surfaces for the 

 reception of the heads of the corresponding ribs. The pedicles are directed back- 

 ward, and the inferior intervertebral notches are of large size, and deeper than in 

 any other region of the spine. The lamina' are broad, thick, and imbricated 

 that is to say, overlapping one another like tiles on a roof. The spinal foramen is 



f An entire facet above, 

 \ a demi-facet below. 



-A demi-facet above. 



One entire facet. 



( An entire facet. 

 \ No facet on transverse 

 process, which is ru- 

 ( dimentary. 



An entire facet. 



( No facet on trans- 

 verse process. 

 Inferior articular 

 process, convex 

 and turned out- 

 ward. 



FIG. 6. Peculiar dorsal vertebra. 



small, and of a circular form. The spinous processes are long, triangular on 

 transverse section, directed obliquely downward, and terminate in a tubercular 

 extremity. They overlap one another from the fifth to the eighth, but are less 

 oblique in direction above and below. The articular processes are flat, nearly 

 vertical in direction, and project from the upper and lower part of the pedicles; 

 the superior being directed backward and slightly outward and upward, the inferior 



