CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS. 



221 



Synartkrosis, or 



Immovable Joint. 

 Surfaces separated 

 by fibrous mem- 

 brane or by line 

 of cartilage, with- 

 out any interven- 

 ing synovial 

 cavity, and im- 

 movably con- 

 nected \vitk each 

 other. 



As in joints of 

 cranium and face 

 (except lower 

 jaw). 



Amphiarthrosis, 

 Mixed Articula- 

 tion. 



Diarthrosis, 

 Movable Joint. 



Sutura. Ar- 

 ticulation by 

 processes and 

 indentations 

 interlocked to- 

 gether. 



Sutura vera 

 (true), articulate 

 by indented bor- 

 ders. 



Dentata, having 

 tooth-like processes. 



As in interparietal 

 suture. 



Serrata, having ser- 

 rated edges like the 

 teeth of a saw. 



As in interfrontal 

 suture. 



Limbosa, having 

 bevelled margins and 

 dentated processes. 



As in fronto-parie- 

 tal suture. 



Squamosa, formed 

 by thin bevelled mar- 

 gi ns ? overlapping each 

 other. 



As in squamo-parie- 

 tal suture. 



Sutura notha 

 (false), articulate 

 by rough surfaces. 



the apposition of con- 

 tiguous rough surfaces. 

 As in intermaxil- 

 v lary suture. 



Schindylesis. Articulation formed by the reception of a 

 thin plate of one bone into a fissure of another. 



As in articulation of rostrum of sphenoid with vomer. 



Gromphosis. Articulation formed by the insertion of a 

 conical process into a socket : the teeth. 



Sympliysis. Surfaces connected by fibro-cartilage, not 

 separated by synovial membrane, and having limited motion. 

 As in joints between bodies of vertebrae. 



Syndesmosis. Surfaces united by an interosseous ligament. 

 As in the inferior tibio-fibular articulation. 



Gringlymus. Hinge-joint; motion limited to two directions, 

 forward and backward. Articular surfaces fitted together 

 so as to permit of movement in one plane. As in the inter- 

 phalangeal joints and the joint between the humerus and the 

 ulna. 



Trochoides, or Pivot-joint. Articulation by a pivot process 

 turning within a ring or ring around a pivot. As in superior 

 radio-ulnar articulation and atlanto-axial joint. 



Gondyloid. Ovoid head received into elliptical cavity. 

 Movements in every direction except axial rotation. As the 

 wrist-joint. 



Reciprocal Reception (saddle-joint). Articular surfaces 

 inversely convex in one direction and concave in the other. 

 Movement in every direction except axial rotation. As in the 

 carpo-metacarpal joint of the thumb. 



Enarthrosis. Ball-and-socket joint; capable of motion in 

 all directions. Articulations by a globular head received into 

 a cup-like cavity. As in hip- and shoulder-joints. 



Arthrodia. 'Gliding joint ; articulations by plane surfaces, 

 which glide upon each other. As in carpal and tarsal articu- 

 lations. 



