358 ANATOMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 



demonstration will be especially satisfactory if the vein is immersed 

 in water. 



964. V. iliaca interna (Fig. 101, A). This returns blood from 

 the pelvis, the hip and the thigh, etc. The main trunk of this vein 

 is formed by branches within the body cavity. It unites with the 

 preceding to form the V. iliaca communis. The branches of this 

 trunk are so well supplied with valves that they are rarely injected 

 with plaster. 



AORTA ABDOMINALIS. (Fig. 101, 103, 107 ; see Table, 917.) 



965. Turn the stomach and intestines to the right, press upon 

 the median line against the spinal column, and the injected aorta 

 will be felt. It may be exposed by tearing away the peritoneum 

 with a tracer. Commence at a point just caudad of the diaphragm, 

 expose the aorta, and note the following branches and their anas- 

 tomoses : 



966. A cceliaca Coeliac axis, az. (Fig. 101, 103, 107). As the 

 aorta enters the abdomen sometimes just before there is given off 

 a large trunk, the coeliac axis, which extends nearly ventrad. Tear 

 away the peritoneum and connective tissue covering the vessel, and 

 note the following branches and their distribution : 



(A) A. phrenica s. A. diaphragmatica. This artery is some- 

 times given off from the cephalic side of the coeliac axis near its 

 origin from the aorta. More frequently it arises from the A. adre- 

 no-lumbalis ( 968). It soon divides into two branches and is 

 distributed to the diaphragm. 



(B) A. hepatica, az. Turn the liver cephalad and draw the 

 stomach sinistro-caudad. Tear away with the tracer the peritoneum 

 from the lesser curvature of the stomach, and the coeliac axis will 

 appear. A large branch A. hepatica will be seen arising from the 

 coeliac axis, and extending dextro- ventrad toward the liver. Trace 

 it by tearing away the peritoneum and connective tissue with the 

 tracer. Nearly opposite the pylorus it divides into three trunks : 



(a) A. Tiepatica, continuing to the liver and sending branches to each of the lobes. 



(b) A. cystica, to the cholecyst (Fig. 79). 



(c). A. gastro-duodenaUs.Tlus is on the dorsal side of the pylorus. It furnishes three 

 named branches : 



(1) A. pylorica, extending from about opposite the pylorus aloug the lesser curvature 

 of the stomach, and finally anastomosing with the A. coronaria venlriculi. The A. pylor- 

 ica sometimes arises directly from the A. hepatica, as in man. 



(2) A. gastro-epiploica dextra.This, like the preceding and following, passes dorsad 



