OSTEOLOGY 



Back of the foot 



Sole 



Lateral margin of the foot 



Medial margin of the foot 



Heel 



Toes 



Great toe 



II-IV toes 



Little toe 



Dorsal surfaces 

 Plantar surfaces 

 Lateral margins 

 Medial margins 



Osteology 



Long bone Epiphyseal synchondrosis 



Short bone Apophysis ("excrescence") 



Flat bone Articular surface 



Hollow bone Compact substance 



Epiphysis (" accretion") Cortical substance 

 Shaft Spongy substance 



Medullary cavity 

 Bone marrow 

 Yellow bone marrow 

 Red bone marrow 

 Nutrient foramen 

 Nutrient canal 



Vertebral column or spine 



Cervical vertebrae 



Thoracic vertebrae 



Lumbar vertebrae 



Sacral vertebrae 



Coccygeal vertebrae 



Body of vertebrae 



Superior costal pit (O. T. demifacet 



for head of rib) 

 Inferior costal pit (O. T. demifacet for 



head of rib) 

 Vertebral canal 

 Vertebral foramen 

 Vertebral arch 



Root of vertebral arch (O. T. pedicle) 

 Superior vertebral notch 

 Inferior vertebral notch 

 Intervertebral foramen 

 Groove for spinal nerve 

 Spinous process 



Prominent vertebra (seventh cervical) 

 Transverse process 

 Costal pit of transverse process (O. T. 



facet for tubercle of rib) 



Anterior tubercle [of cervical verte- 

 brae] 



Carotid tubercle [of sixth cervical ver- 

 tebra] 



Foramen of transverse process 



Posterior tubercle [of cervical vertebrae] 



Superior articular processes 



Superior articular surfaces 



Inferior articular processes 



Inferior articular surfaces 



Costal process 



Accessory process of lumbar vertebrae 



Mammillary process 



Atlas 



Lateral mass 

 Anterior arch 

 Anterior tubercle 

 Superior articular pits 

 Inferior articular surfaces 

 Pit of the tooth 



