CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



blood. 76. Corpuscles of inferior animals. 77. White globules. 

 78. White grains. 79. White globules converted into red 

 corpuscles. 80. Red corpuscles dissolved. 81. Circulation of 

 the blood. 82. Method of showing it in the tongue of a frog. 

 83. The arteries distinguishable from the veins. 84. The 

 vascular system of the tongue. 85. Mucous glands. 86. Milk ; 

 its constitution. 87. Magnified view of a drop of milk. 

 88. The butter globules. 89. Their number variable. 90. 

 Analysis of the milk of different animals. 91. Richness of 

 woman's milk. 92. Analogy of milk to blood. 93. Import- 

 ance of the quality of milk. 94. Its richness ascertained. 

 95. Quevenne's hydrometer applied to milk. 96. Its fallacy. 

 97. Donne's lactoscope. 98. Objections to it answered. 

 99. Frauds practised by milk vendors. 100. Fore-milk and 

 after-milk. 101. Self-engraved photographic pictures. . .97 



THE LOCOMOTIVE. 



CHAP. I. 1. Familiar to every eye. 2. Its mechanism not generally 

 understood. 3. Object of this Treatise. 4. Two modes of pro- 

 pelling wheel carriages. 5. How locomotive is propelled. 

 6. Action of piston-rod on wheels. 7. Dead points. 8. Un- 

 equal action. 9. How remedied. 10. Connection of piston- 

 rods with wheels. 11. Wheels fixed on their axles. 12. Form 

 of locomotive. 13. Driving-wheels. 14. Coupled wheels. 

 15. Consumption of steam. 16. Evaporating power of boiler 

 determines efficacy of engine. 17. Fire-box. 18. Tubes through 

 boiler. 19. Fuel. 20. Blast-pipe. 21. Tender. 22. Plans 

 and sections, with their description . t . . .113 



CHAP. II. 23. Speed. 24. Locomotive stock. 25. What record of 

 the performance and condition of an engine should be kept. 

 26. Cause of renewals of English locomotives. 27. Average 

 mileage of engines. 28. Locomotive requires rest. 29. Expense 

 of cleaning and lighting. 30. Reserve engines. 31. Bank 

 engines. 32. Time they are kept standing. 33. Economy of 

 fuel. 34. Register of consumption. 35. Small amount of useful 

 service obtained. 36. On Belgian lines. 37. On other Con- 

 tinental lines. 38. On London and North Western line. 

 39. Comparisons between lines not fairly instituted. 40. Legi- 

 timate test of comparison. 41. Amount of locomotive stock 

 required. 42. Gross receipts of European Railways in 1850. 

 43. Mileage of the same. 44. Great increase since. 45. Enor- 

 mous consumption of coal. 46. Mileage of passengers and 

 goods 129 



