Fig. 71. THE GEYSERS, ICELAND. 



THE CRUST OF THE EARTH ; 



OR, FIRST NOTIONS OF GEOLOGY. 



CHAPTEE Y. 



129. Volcanoes of the Andes Pichiucha, Cotopaxi, and Tunguragua. 



130. Mexican volcanoes Orizaba, Popocatapetl, Jorullo, and Colima. 



131. Singular circumstances attending the elevation of Jorullo. 132. 

 Ancient state of Vesuvius, according to Strabo Eruption of 76 A.D. 

 Destruction of Herculaneum and Pompeii. 133. Volcano of Kirauea 

 in Owhyhee Mr. Ellis's account of it. 134. Visit of Mr. Stewart 

 and Lord Byroti to it in 1825 Mr. Stewart's account of it. 135. 

 Illustrations of the ejection of lava through the strata. 136. Effect 

 of obstruction formation of lateral craters. 137. Submarine eruptions 

 Formation of volcanic islands. 138. Volcanic islands off Santorin, 

 in the Grecian Archipelago. 139. Phenomena attending the formation 

 of such islands. 140. Craters of elevation. 141. Stratification around 

 these craters Island of Palma. 142. Formation of islands not 

 necessarily preceded by eruptions. 143. Mount Etna. 144. His- 

 torical accounts of its eruptions. 145. Eruption of 1832. 146. The 



LARDNER'S MUSEUM OF SCIENCE. 

 No. 139. 



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