CONTENTS. xi 



PAGE 



5GO. Creation of mankind. 561. First appearance of climato- 

 logical zones. 562. Unsuccessful attempts to explain the uniform 

 distribution of species in former ages. 563. The formation of 

 downs littoral deposits and the filling of lagoons and deltas 

 supply chronological data of the present age. 564. Consistency 

 of the Mosaic history with geological facts. 565. The future of 

 the earth. 5 S3 6. Accordance of the narrative in Genesis with 

 geological facts. 567. Figurative use of the word day in 

 accordance with common custom. 568. The division of the land 

 from the water. 569. The creation of the vegetable world. 570. 

 First creation of marine tribes and birds. 571. A similar order 

 observed in geological phenomena. 572. Creation of Mammifers. 

 573. Correspondence with the Tertiary age. 574. Creation 

 of the human race in the actual age. 575. Accordance of 

 Scripture with geological discovery. 576. Conclusion . .145 



ECLIPSES. 



CHAP. I. 1. Mutual interposition of celestial objects. 2. Their 

 mutual obscuration. 3. Eclipses, transits, and occultations. 4. 

 Solar eclipse. -5. Lunar eclipse. 6. Transit of a planet. 7. 

 Occultation of a fixed star. 8. Appearance produced by transit 

 of an inferior planet. SOLAR ECLIPSES : 9. Effects of the 

 relative magnitude of the discs of the sun and moon. 10. Con- 

 ditions which determine eclipses. 11. Conditions under which 

 an eclipse does not take place. 12. Condition of external con- 

 tact. 13. Condition of partial eclipse determination of its 

 magnitude. 14. Internal contact. 15. Annular eclipse. 16. 

 Total eclipse. 17. Greatest possible duration of a total eclipse. 

 18. Condition of annular eclipses. 19. Greatest possible 

 duration of annular eclipses. 20. Solar eclipses can only occur 

 at or near a new moon. 21. Effects of parallax. 22. Data 

 which determine the circumstances of eclipses. 23. Solar ecliptic 

 limits. 24. Anecdote of Columbus. 25. Baily's beads. 26. 

 These appearances produced by lunar mountains. 27. Flame- 

 like protuberances round the dark disc of the moon. 28. Solar 

 eclipse of 1851. 29. Observations of the Astronomer Royal 

 upon it. 30. Observations of Messrs. Dunkin and Humphreys 

 upon it. 31. Observations of Mr. W. Gray upon it. 32. 

 Observations of Messrs. Stephenson and Andrews at Fredrichs- 

 vaarn. 33. Observations of Mr. Lassell at Trollhattan Falls. 

 34. Observations of Mr. Hind at liavelsborg, near Engelholm . 161 



CHAP. II. 35. Observations of Mr. Dawes near Engelholm. 

 36. Effects of total obscuration on surrounding objects and 

 sceneiy. 37. Evidence of a solar atmosphere. 38. Probable 

 causes of the red emanations in solar eclipses. LUNAR ECLIPSES : 

 39. The earth's conical shadow. 40. Its section may be regarded 

 as a dark disc moving on the firmament. 41. Conditions which 

 determine lunar eclipses. 42. Lunar ecliptic limits. 43. 

 Greatest duration of total lunar eclipses. 44. Effects of the 

 earth's penumbra. 45. Effects of refraction of the earth's atmos- 

 phere in total lunar eclipse. 46. Lunar disc visible during total 

 obscuration . . . . . . . . . .177 



