THE PRE-ADAMITE EARTH. 



the Mosasaurus. 449. Close of t'e period. SEVENTH CRETACEOUS 

 PERIOD: 450. Mineral character of the stage. 451. Synopsis of the 

 animal kingdom. 452. Examples of the fauna. Tertiary Age. 

 453. Origin of the name. 454. Classification of the strata five stages 

 their nomenclature and thickness. 455. Complete series not found. 

 456. Section of the formation between the Vofeges and Paris dis- 

 cordances and isolatio^. 457. Palaeontologies 1 distinction between 

 1he Tertiary and inferior formations. 458. The number of species 

 in the Tertiary age. 459. Distribution of t'>e species among the 

 stages. 460. General conclusions 461. Outlines of land aud water 

 D'Orbigny's map of France and England. 462. Great geographical 

 changes from period to period. 46 -. Character of the fauna great 

 development of Mammifers. 464. Uniform prevalence of tropical 

 climate. 4H5. Gradual and violent undulations of the laud! FIRST 

 TERTIARY PERIOD. 466. Mineral character of the stage. 467. 

 Synopsis of the animal kingdom. 468. Great development of fishes. 

 469. Vast increase of land animals, including those of which the 

 rhinoceros, otter, dog, ferret, and squirrel are types 470. Creation 

 of flat-fish. 471. The Mollusca numnmlites. 472. Whole moun- 

 tains formed of these animals. 473. Vast duration of the period. 

 474. Terrestrial flora. 475. Outlines of land and water Anglo- 

 Parisian basin form of its shores iu France and England. 476. 

 Pyrenean basin. 477. Mediterranean basiii. 478. Its great extent 

 towards the east. 479. Fresh-water lakes. 480. Close of the period. 

 SECOND TERTIARY PERIOD. 481. Elevation of the Pyrenees elevation 

 of the tract of Bray in France, and of the Wealdeu in England. 482. 

 Synopsis of the animal kingdom. 483. Specific forms of Mollusca 

 and Radiata. 484. Creation of Cetacea, or whale forms. 485. 

 Prodigious numbers of Miliolse, of which the stone quarries of Paris 

 are formed. 486. Marine flora land animals, including the generic 

 forms of which apes, bats, gallinaceous, predaceous, and climbing birds, 

 serpents, rattle -snakes, baboons, and opossums are types. 487. 

 Crocodiles and land tortoises belemnites and nautili terrestrial 

 flora. 488. Outlines of land and water division of Anglo -Parisian 

 basin into two seas. 



444. THIS period was signalised by the first appearance of 

 fishes of the Cycloid and Ctenoid orders (salmon and perch), 

 and also by numerous genera of Foraiuinifera. The number 

 of species of Mollusca and Hadiata alone which entered into 

 the composition of this fauna was 1577, all of which were new 

 to animated nature, and all of which disappeared at the close of 

 this period. 



445. The great thickness of the stage, measuring, as we have 

 seen, 1000 feet, and the great number of species found in it, lead 

 to the conclusion that this sixth period was one of the longest of 

 the Cretaceous age. 



446. The seas of this period underwent considerable changes 

 both in France and England. In some parts their shores retired, 

 leaving increased tracts of dry land, while in others, as in the 

 department of La Manche in France, tracts hitherto dry were 



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