128 TRAVELS TO DISCOVER 



fubmitted to him, by treachery; and in their place, in every 

 principal town, he had fubflituted Turkifh officers of con- 

 fidence, ftrongly fupported by troops of Janizaries, who 

 knew no other government but martial law. 



War had now changed its form entirely under thefe new 

 conquerors. Mulkets, and large trains of artillery, were 

 introduced againft javelins, lances, and arrows, the only 

 arms then known in Arabia, and in the oppofite continent 

 of Abyffinia. A large fleet, crowded with foldiers, and fill- 

 ed with military ftores, the very name of which, as well as 

 their deflrudlive qualities, were till now unknown in thefe 

 fouthern regions, were employed by the Turks to extend 

 their conqueft to India, where, though by the fuperior va- 

 lour of the Portuguefe they were conllantly difappointed in 

 their principal objecT:, they neverthelefs, in their pafi^age out- 

 ward and homeward, reinforced their feveral polls in Ara- 

 bia, from which they looked for affiftance and protedion, 

 had any enemy placed himfelf in their way, or a florm, or 

 other unexpedled misfortune, overtaken them in their re- 

 turn. 



These Janizaries lived upon the very bowels of com- 

 merce. They had, indeed, for a fhew of proteding it, efta- 

 blifhed cuftomhoufes in their various ports ; but they foon 

 made it appear, that the end propofed by thefe was only to 

 give them a more dillincft knowledge who were the fubjecTis 

 from whom they could levy the moft enormous extortions. 

 Jidda, Zibid, and Mocha, the places of confequence nearcft 

 to Abyflinia on the Arabian fhore, Suakem, a fea-port town 

 on the very barriers of Abyfiinia, in the immediate way of 

 their caravan to Cairo, on the African fide, were each un- 

 der 



