104 TIIH THKATY OF WASHINGTON. 



tliut the signature is but aiitlientlcation, and the body 

 of the Decision sets fortli all the diU'ereuces of opinion 

 existing; among tlie Arl)itrat(~>rH. Tlius, ISlv, Adams 

 and Mr. Sta-mjilli were ovci'i'idc*! on two (jucstionM; 

 and yet they signed the Act. ISo the Vieonite d'lta- 

 jul);i was overruled on the great (|uestion of the lia- 

 bility of (ireat IJi'itain for the SliendndodJi) and yet 

 lie signed the Act. In t'ej)arating himself from Ins 

 colleagues in this respect, the British Arbitrator ex- 

 liibiled liimsiilf as wliat he was, as most of his ac- 

 tions in the Tribunal demonstrated, — as his 'oubse- 

 quent avowal established, — not so much a .Tudge, or 

 an Arbitrator, as tlie voUuiteer and oflicious attor- 

 ney of the iiritish (lovernment. 



KI-Fi:CT OF TIIK AWARD. 



« 



In reileeting on this Award, and seeking to deter- 

 mine its true construction, let us see, in tlie first jdace, 

 what it actually ex[)resses either by inclusion or ex- 

 elusion. 



The A^\•ard is to the United States, in conformity 

 with the letter of the Treaty, wliieh has for its well- 

 defined object to rem(n-e and adjust complaints and 

 claims "on the part of the United States." 



Jiut th(i histoiy of the 'JVeaty and of the Arbitra- 

 tion shows that the United States recover, not for tlio 

 benefit of the American Government as such, but of 

 such individual citizens of the United States as shall 

 appear to have sutfered loss ])y the acts or neglects 

 of the British Government. It is, however, not a sjie- 

 cial trust legally affected to any particular claim or 



