II] 



SCHIZOCARP 



21 



termed a Samara (Figs. 31, 66). 

 for distribution by the wind. 



The wings are adapted 



Fig. 19. Ailanthus glandulosa, Tree of Heaven. D, vertical section 

 of ovary, disc and base of stamens ; E, fruit with three ripe carpels, one 

 in section through the seed (E and P). 



In the Umbel life rae, Malva, and some others we find a 

 type of dry fruit, composed of two or more carpels, where 

 the carpels separate at maturity from the floral axis, but 

 do not dehisce, and so have a resemblance to achenes, and 

 like them are often confounded with seeds. The whole 

 fruit is a Schizocarp ; and each carpel thus separated is 

 called a Mericarp, and it frequently remains attached by 

 a slender process of its walls for some time to the floral 

 axis or its prolongation (carpophore) until completely 

 detached by the wind or otherwise. 



In the Geraniacese the mericarps and carpophore are 

 prolonged as the characteristic beak, whence the names 

 "Crane's-bills," "Stork's-bills" applied to these fruits. In 

 Malva the mericarps separate at once. In the Maples 



