DOUGLAS FIR: SPRUCE: CEDAR 75 



t Cones pendent, ellipsoid, with exserted 

 barren scales, which are not reflexed and 

 end in three linear-acute projections; seed 

 small, triangular, with a large oblong wing. 



Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Carr. Douglas Fir (Fig. 77). 

 Leaves linear- falcate, in 3 4 ranks, spiral. Cones 8 

 12cm. long, slightly tapering to each end; seeds with 

 a hard shell, devoid of resin, sharply triangular, 5 7 mm. 

 long, with an obliquely inserted, inseparable, nearly oval 

 wing, 14 15 mm. long. 



tt Cones not provided with trifid exserted 

 barren scales. 



Cones pendulous, cylindroid ; barren scales 

 not exserted ; seeds small, tear-shaped, with 

 relatively large separable wings; leaves 

 spirally crowded and ^-angled in section. 



Picea excelsa, Lk. Spruce (Fig. 78). Cones 12 

 18 cm. long x 3 6 cm. broad, the scales rounded, thin, and 

 toothed at edges. Seed 4 5 mm. long ; wing suddenly 

 expanded, oval, about 15 x 6 7 mm. 



Cones not pendulous nor cylindroid, but 

 more or less ovoid ; seed-wing not separable 

 nor rounded oblong. Leaves in tufts of 

 more than 20. 



l~l Cones about 9 12 cm. long, erect, oblong- 

 ovoid, blunt, with numerous densely im- 

 bricated scales; seeds with very broad 

 and oblique wings. Leaves in tufts of 

 persistent needles. 



Cedrus Libani, Barr. Cedar of Lebanon. The seeds 

 are elongated and soft-shelled, rich in resin, 10 12 x 4 

 5 mm., with an inseparable, large, nearly triangular wing 

 about 40 mm. long x 30 mm. broad. The cones may be 

 slightly depressed above. 



