LIME: HORNBEAM 105 



its length ; each one-seeded by the abortion of the other 

 4 cells and their pairs of ovules, or occasionally 2 seeds 

 ripen. It is superior, with traces of the stigma above, and 

 of perianth, &c. below, slightly ribbed, about 10 mm. long, 

 and grey velvety, splitting on germination. 



The var. parvifolia has a somewhat smaller, smoother, 

 and less evidently ribbed fruit than the var. grandifolia, 

 and is slightly reddish, also more easily crushed, owing to 

 thinner walls. 



(/3) Fruits nut-like, enveloped more or less 

 completely in a cupule or enveloping 

 bracts. 



* Seed- like nut small, 5 10 mm. long, 

 longitudinally ribbed, and incompletely 

 surrounded below by a large foliaceous 

 trifid wing-like bract. 



Carpinus Betulus, L. Hornbeam (Fig. 101). The 

 fruit-like characters are visible in the crown of perigone- 

 remnants and stigmas above. The nut is very hard, 

 smooth and ribbed. The adherent cupular bract acts 

 as a wing. 



** Nuts large and heavy, not ribbed, com- 

 pletely invested at least below by a 

 cupule which is not wing-like. 



t Cupule widely open above, and exposing [For (ft) 

 the single ovoid round nut. seep. 111.] 



Cupule more or less hemispherical, and [For (O0) 

 cup- or basin-shaped, embracing the single seep. 111.] 

 ovoid nut (acorn) at the base. 

 /~7 Cupule covered with numerous imbri- [For 



cated scales, which are broad, triangular, (OO) 

 , J seep. 111.] 



Cupule hemispherical or turbinate and [For () 

 embracing the acorn some distance up. s 



