HOLLY 155 



The Cedars (Cedrus) are the only other trees with 

 similar tufts of numerous leaves, but they are evergreen 

 and the cones and habit differ completely. 



Evergreen, with leaves not acicular, but ir- 

 regularly oval, spinose toothed, and highly 

 polished. Not bearing cones. Flowers white. 

 Berries red. 



Ilex Aquifolium, L. Holly. Tree from 10 40 feet 

 and often cylindroid-conic up to 20 feet. Bark greenish- 

 grey, smooth for a long time, but eventually slightly 

 fissured in fine streaks. The shoots remain green and 

 glossy for years. Buds minute. 



The only other common tree with leaves at all like 

 the Holly is Quercus Ilex, but foliage of this is grey-green, 

 its bark and crown very different, and its flowers and 

 fruits (acorns) totally unlike those of the Holly. 



The small bush Berberis Aquifolium also presents 

 superficial resemblances only to a young Holly, the leaves 

 being compound. 



** Crown not tapering to a point, but more 

 or less rounded off at the apex. Foliage 

 more or less wanting below, exposing a 

 clean stem. General shape cylindroid, 

 long-ellipsoid, narrow-oblong, or broad- 

 columnar. 



t Main branches in more or less definite pseudo- [For (tf) 

 whorls on the stem, which is terete and runs see P* 

 straight through the crown. Conifers with 

 narrow acicular or linear leaves, evergreen. 

 Trees up to 50 60 feet or so in height. 



Spray horizontal and fan-like, leaves isolated 

 and pectinate in arrangement. Cones large 

 and erect, the scales falling and leaving the 

 axis exposed. 



