46 TREES OF NORTH CAROLINA 



1903; April 29, 1910; April 7, 1913; April 13, 

 1914; April 19, 1915; April 13, 1916. 



58. Quercus pagodaefolia (Ell.) Ashe. Swamp Span- 



ish Oak. 



A large tree of the lowlands and swamps the dis- 

 tribution of which is not yet well known. The leaves, 

 especially those from the upper parts of old trees, 

 are much like the leaves of the Spanish Oak, but 

 whiter beneath, and with a pointed rather than a 

 rounded base ; leaves of young trees are much broader 

 and not so tomentose beneath; acorns small. This 

 species is amply distinct from Q. falcata in Durham 

 and Orange Counties. Only in old trees do the leaves 

 resemble those of the latter in shape and for at least 

 fifteen or twenty years the leaves are shaped much 

 like those of the Black Oak. Examples: trees in 

 swamp of "New Hope Creek, about 14 mile below 

 Durham-Chapel Hill bridge, reaching 16 feet in cir- 

 cumference, 5 feet from the ground, 20% feet, 3 

 feet from the ground. 



59. Quercus Catesbaei Michx.* Turkey Oak. 



A very abundant and characteristic small tree of 

 the sand hills, and other poor sandy soil, in the 

 southeastern part of the state from the coast to 

 Richmond and Moore Counties. Leaves rigid, with 



* On poor dry soil on Crowder's and King's Mountain and in a 

 few other similar situations, there is a dwarf scrub oak usually 

 about 3-5 feet high, that is easily recognized by its shore, broad 

 leaves, with a few shallow, distant notches and a whitish tomen- 

 tose under surface. The acorns are about % inch long and are 

 seated in a shallow cup. This is the Bear Oak (Q. ilicifolia-Q. 

 nana). 



