280 OESALFINIA CALLICARPA 



to ^ in. long. Leaves doubly pinnate, 12 ins. or rather more long, each of the 

 three to eight pairs of main divisions (pinnse) carrying six to ten pairs of leaflets ; 

 the common leaf-stalk is armed at each joint with one erect and two decurved 

 prickles, and irregularly in between. Leaflets oblong or obovate, rounded at 

 the apex ; -| to I in. long, to in. wide ; almost or quite smooth. Racemes 

 up to 12 ins. long, 4 ins. through, carrying twenty to over thirty flowers, each 

 on a smooth, slender stalk i ins. long. Flowers canary yellow, ij to i^ins. 

 across, the upper one of the five petals the smallest, and striped with red. 

 Stamens ten, red, f in. long, forming a conspicuous cluster in the centre of the 

 flower. Pod 3 ins. long, i in. or more wide, flat, carrying six to nine seeds. 



Native of Japan and China; introduced by Messrs Veitch, who first 

 flowered it in iheir Coombe Wood nursery in 1887. It still thrives well there 

 on a sunny slope, and occasionally produces seed ; but at Kew, in the open 

 ground, it has always been a failure, although it may live for some years. It 

 has grown well on a west wall, and in one of the bays outside the Temperate 

 House. There are few shrubs more beautiful either in leaf or flower, and it would 

 be well worth growing in a sunny recess where it could be covered in winter. 

 Propagated by layers. Flowers in June and July. Nearly allied to this is 



C. SEPIARIA, Roxburgh. The two may be forms of one species, but 

 C. sepiaria differs in having very downy wood and less lax racemes. Mr 

 Sprague says (Botanical Magazine, loc. cit.) that the uppermost petal has no red 

 markings. 



CALLICARPA JAPONICA, Thunberg. VERBENACE,E. 



(Gardeners' Chronicle, 1871, fig. 39.) 



A deciduous shrub, 3 to 5 ft. high, with erect, semi-woody stems 

 furnished at first with a pale tufted felt, which soon falls away. Leaves 

 narrowly oval or ovate-lanceolate; 3 to 5 ins. long, ij to 2 ins. wide; 

 tapering at both ends, often long and slender-pointed, the central part 

 only toothed; almost or quite smooth, with numerous yellowish glands 

 beneath ; stalk J to J in. long. Flowers pale pink, crowded in axillary 

 cymes which are i to ij ins. across, and expand in August. Fruit 

 globular, about the size of peppercorns, violet. 



Native of Japan. Although this plant lives in the open ground at 

 Kew, and is only killed in very severe winters, it really needs some 

 sheltered, sunny corner, such as the angle of a house facing south-west, 

 to be seen at its best. As it flowers and fruits on the shoots of the year, 

 a mere cutting back by frost does not matter; some such pruning is 

 necessary. A loamy soil, not enriched, is best for it. 



Closely allied to this is C. PURPUREA, Jussieu, a native of China and Japan, 

 introduced by Fortune about 1857. It is not so hardy, and is really a cool 

 greenhouse plant. It is not so vigorous a grower as C. japonica, but is of the 

 same half-woody nature ; it has thinner stems, and smaller leaves and berries, 

 the latter deep lilac colour, and about ^ in. across. Another species sometimes 

 seen in gardens is 



C. AMERICANA, Linnceus. French Mulberry. This is a shrub 3 to 6 ft. 

 high, with the flowers and fruits arranged as in C. japonica, the flowers bluish, 

 the fruit violet, but very distinct in leaf and stem, both of which have more 

 persistent down than in the Japanese species ; the leaf, too, is much larger and 

 broader, and i^ to 4 ins. in diameter. This species is native of the south- 

 eastern and south-central United States, and is too tender for any but the 

 mildest parts of the Kingdom. 



