CARPINUS CARRIEREA 297 



C. POLYNEURA, Franchet. 



A very elegant tree, said to be 30 ft. high in a wild state ; young shoots 

 slightly hairy. Leaves ovate, pointed, rounded or slightly heart-shaped at the 

 base; I to 2^ ins. long, | to I in. wide; sharply toothed (only occasionally 

 double-toothed) ; dark lustrous green, and soon becoming smooth above ; 

 downy on the midrib and veins beneath ; stalk \ to \ in. long, downy. 

 Stipules narrowly linear, downy, persisting through the winter. Male catkins 

 | to i in. long ; scales ovate, silky hairy. Fruit clusters I to 2 ins. long ; the 

 bracts ovate, but very unequal-sided, | in. long, pointed, and coarsely toothed. 

 Nut ovate, ribbed, \ in. long. 



Native of W. China ; discovered by Henry, and introduced by means of 

 seed received from him at Kew in 1889. The tree at Kew, now about 20 ft. 

 high, is the only one in cultivation, except a few small plants raised from it. 

 It has flowered and borne clusters of fruit, and the seed has lately proved 

 fertile. This is the most elegant of the small hornbeams, and would be 

 worth while introducing in quantity. Its small leaves resemble those of 

 C. orientalis in size, but are flatter, and not markedly double-toothed ; the 

 elegant, clean-growing habit of C. polyneura is quite distinct, and the bracts of 

 the male catkins differ in being covered with silky hairs. It is closely allied to 

 C. TURCZANINOWI, Hance^ a species not in cultivation. From all the hornbeams 

 in cultivation it is distinguished by the persistence of the stipules, which 

 remain, one on each side of the buds, after the leaves have fallen and all 

 through the winter. Although C. orientalis shows the same character occasion- 

 ally, it is far from being as marked. 



C. YEDOENSIS, Maximowicz. 



A small tree whose young shoots are covered with hairs, many of which 

 persist through the first winter. Leaves i^ to 3 ins. long, f to \\ ins. wide, 

 ovate, with a tapered point and a rounded base, unequally or doubly toothed ; 

 upper surface dark green, with flattened hairs on the midrib and between the 

 nine to' twelve pairs of veins ; lower surface hairy on the veins ; stalk slender, 

 downy, \ in. long. Fruit clusters on silky stalks, the bracts % to f in. long, 

 narrowly ovate, toothed on one side, silky-hairy, especially on the veins and 

 at the base, where they become slightly boat-shaped, holding the ovoid, flattened 

 nut in the hollow, but quite exposed. 



Native of China ; discovered by Farges in the mountains of Szechuen, but 

 long cultivated in Japan, where it was first noticed by Maximowicz, the 

 Russian botanist, over thirty years ago. Several plants are cultivated at Kew, 

 and grow promisingly. I first saw it in Messrs Simon-Louis' nursery, near 

 Metz, in 1904, and it is obtainable in the trade. It appears first to have been 

 introduced to the Darmstadt Botanic Garden in 1901. 



CARRIEREA CALYCINA, Franchet. 



A deciduous tree, 20 to 30 ft. (sometimes 40 ft.) high, with a wide- 

 spreading head of branches ; young shoots at first covered with minute 

 down, reddish. Leaves alternate, ovate, with a tapered apex, rounded 

 or cordate at the base, up to 5 ins. long, half as wide ; coarsely round- 

 toothed ; smooth, or nearly so, on both surfaces ; with a stalk about one- 

 third as long as the blade ; at first reddish, then dark glossy green above, 

 paler and also glossy beneath. Flowers in terminal downy panicles 

 6 ins. long ; each flower cup-shaped, i in. in diameter, clear bluish white ; 



