COCCULUS 375 



six petals and six stamens, whilst Menispermum has six to eight petals 

 and twelve to twenty-four stamens and peltate leaves. The flowers are 

 small, inconspicuous, and unisexual. The climbing species are of the 

 easiest cultivation, growing in any soil of moderate quality, and easily 

 propagated by division or pieces of root. They may be grown up rough 

 branches of oak or supports of a similar nature. Their beauty, apart from 

 the luxuriant foliage, is in their red or purplish blue berries. The shrubby 

 species 



C. LAURIFOLIL'S, De Candolle, is an evergreen shrub 10 ft. or more high, 

 sometimes a small tree, with lance-shaped, conspicuously three-ribbed leaves 

 5 to 8 ins. long, about 2 ins. wide, the stalks | in. long ; they are of a very 

 glossy, varnished, dark green, giving to the shrub a very characteristic aspect. 

 Flowers small, in axillary panicles. At Kew this plant can only be grown 

 against a wall, where it has lived for many years without injury. In the south 

 of France and Italy it forms a picturesque spreading shrub or small tree. 

 There is a very pleasing example in the garden of the British Embassy at 

 Rome. Native of the Himalaya. 



C. CAROLINUS, De Candolle. 



(Cebatha Carolina, 



A climber with twining stems, naturally woody, but often herbaceous in 

 Britain, downy. .Leaves more or less heart-shaped or ovate, three- to seven- 

 veined, rounded at the end, often obscurely lobed, 2 to 4^ ins. long, with 

 stalks nearly as long ; clothed with pale down beneath, deep green, ultimately 

 smooth above. Flowers sometimes hermaphrodite, but usually unisexual, with 

 the sexes on separate inflorescences, sometimes on separate plants, white ; 

 males on short, axillary panicles, each flower about J in. across, with six 

 sepals, petals, and stamens. Females in racemes, similar to the males as 

 regards sepals and petals, but with abortive stamens and three to six pistils. 

 Berries about the size of small peas, red when ripe. 



Native of the south-eastern United States. Although introduced in 1759, 

 it has never become common. Flowers in July. 



C. TRILOBUS, De Candolle. 



(Bot. Mag., t. 8489 , C. Thunbergii, De Candolle ; Cebatha orbiculata, Kuntze.} 



A climbing, twining shrub with downy, naturally woody stems. Leaves 

 i^ to 4 ins. long, ovate or heart-shaped, sometimes three- or five-lobed, rounded 

 or pointed at the apex, downy beneath, especially when young, becoming 

 smooth (except on the nerves) and bright dark green above, prominently 

 three- or five-nerved Flowers in axillary clusters, expanding in August. 

 Fruit spherical, in. diameter, black covered with a blue bloom, produced 

 in clusters of six to twelve, ripe in October, and then rather handsome. 

 Plants at Kew bore a great crop in 1911, which seems to show they like 

 abundant sunshine. 



Native of Japan, Corea, and China. The down, or small hairs, on the 

 stems point downwards. The plant from which our figure (p. 376) was made 

 was introduced to Kew from Japan by Prof. Sargent, but the species may 

 have been in cultivation before. 



