CORYLUS 403 



C. SIEBOLDIANA, Blume^ a native of Japan, is allied to these two species, and 

 has the same bristly hairy husk, but considerably shorter than either, and 

 protruding beyond the nut in. only. It has recently come into cultivation. 



C. MAXIMA, Miller. FILBERT. 



(C. tubulosa, Willdenow) 



A shrub of the same habit as C. Avellana, but more robust, sometimes a 

 tree 20 ft. or more high ; young shoots glandular-hairy. Leaves broadly 

 obovate or roundish, heart-shaped at the base, usually with a short, slender, 

 abrupt point ; toothed all round the margin, doubly so on the upper half; 2 to 

 5 ins. long, ii to 4 ins. wide ; stalk glandular, to J- in. long. Male catkins 

 2 to 3 ins. long. Nut ovate-oblong', set in a husk nearly twice its own length, 

 and cut into numerous deep, narrow lobes. 



Native of S. Europe, but not of Britain; introduced in 1759. It is the 

 parent of the filberts of English orchards, distinguished from the hazel or 

 cobnut by the husk protruding well beyond the nut, and quite enclosing and 

 holding it. The nut itself is also longer and proportionately narrower. 

 Several varieties are cultivated for their nuts, but the only one of an orna- 

 mental character worth mentioning is 



Var. ATROPURPUREA, whose leaves are of a dark purple. One of the most 

 robust and striking shrubs of this colour. 



C. ROSTRATA, Alton. BEAKED HAZEL. 



A shrub 4 to 8 ft. high, with erect, much-branched stems and slightly hairy 

 young shoots. Leaves ovate, oval or obovate, heart-shaped at the base, 

 usually pointed at the apex, closely and unevenly toothed, sometimes slightly 

 lobed ; i^- to 4^ ins. long, i to 3 ins. wide ; upper surface with scattered hairs 

 at first, becoming smooth; lower surface permanently downy on the midrib and 

 veins ; stalk i to ^ in. long. Male catkin I to I j ins. long. Nut about J in. 

 long, the husk covered with a fine down mixed with which are numerous 

 bristly hairs, the apex extended into a slender beak I to I j ins. beyond the nut. 



Native of the eastern and Central United States ; introduced in 1745 by 

 the then Duke of Argyll. It is rare in'cultivation and has no value as a nut- 

 bearing bush, but the long, drawn-out husk covered with bristles makes it 

 interesting. 



Var. CALIFORNICA (C. californica, Rose] differs chiefly in having the leaves 

 more downy beneath, and the beak of the involucre shorter. Native of the 

 western side of N. America. 



C. TIBETICA, Batalin. THIBETAN HAZEL, 



(C. ferox var. thlbetica, Franchet.~) 



A tree 15 to 20 ft. high (probably more) ; young shoots smooth, dark brown. 

 Leaves broadly obovate or ovate ; 2 to 5 ins. long, i^ to 3 ins. wide; heart- 

 shaped or rounded at the base, the apex abruptly slender-pointed, unequally 

 and sharply toothed ; upper surface with flattened hairs on and between the 

 nerves when young ; lower surface slightly glaucous with silky hairs on the 

 midrib and veins ; stalk % to I in. long, silky hairy, glandular on the upper 

 side. Male catkins 2 to 3 ins. long. Nuts in clusters of three to six, the 

 husks covered with slender branching spines, the whole cluster forming a 

 prickly ball like that of a sweet chestnut. 



Native of China, and apparently widely spread in the regions bordering 

 Thibet ; introduced by Wilson for Messrs Veitch in 1901, but obtained in 

 France by Mr Maurice de Vilmorin three years previously. Its most distinctive 



