CRAT^EGUS 425 



long, ultimately twice as long, and branched. Leaves obovate, always tapered 

 and without teeth towards the base, the apex toothed, rounded or abruptly 

 pointed ; I to 4 ins. long, ^ to i| ins. wide ; dark glossy green and perfectly 

 smooth ; stalk j to ^ in. long. Flowers white, f in. across, produced in June 

 on smooth-stalked "corymbs 2 to 3 ins. wide ; stamens ten, anthers pink ; 

 styles usually two. Fruit- nearly globose, ^ in. diameter, deep red. 



Native of Eastern N. America ; introduced in 1691. This beautiful and 

 distinct thorn has much to recommend it. Its habit is striking and 

 picturesque, it blossoms freely, its leaves change to brilliant scarlet in 

 autumn, and its fruits, ripening in October and persisting until spring, make 

 one of the brightest of early winter pictures. The species is, moreover, one of 

 the hardiest and most thriving of its kind. Several forms assigned to it are 

 cultivated in gardens. 



Var. ARBUTIFOLIA. Leaves obovate to oval, from to over 2 ins. wide. 

 In their size and to some degree their shape, this variety suggests C. prunifolia 

 (g.v.\ but it is quite free from down in all its parts, it has not more than 

 ten stamens, and its fruits remain after the leaves. A handsome variety. 



Var. LINEARIS, De Candolle. In the entire absence of down from this 

 tree, it would appear to be a true Crus-galli form intermediate between 

 arbutifolia and pyracanthifolia. 



Var. PYRACANTHIFOLIA, Aiton. A small, slender-stemmed tree, with a 

 flat, spreading head of branches and narrowly obovate leaves, and smaller 

 flowers and fruit. 



Var. SALICIFOLIA, Aiton. Leaves still narrower, oblanceolate ; habit 

 flat-topped. (For various thorns with larger leaves, often put under Crus-galli 

 as varieties, viz., ovalifolia, prunifolia, and splendens, see C. PRUNIFOLIA and 



C. FONTANESIANA.) 



C. CUNEATA, Siebold. 



A twiggy shrub with slender, hairy, reddish young shoots ; thorns about 

 in. long, slender. Leaves obovate or somewhat spoon-shaped, much 

 tapered and entire at the base, the apex rounded or abruptly tapered, 

 slightly lobed and toothed ; i to 2-i- ins. long, to I J ins. wide ; pale bright 

 green, and soon quite smooth above ; slightly hairy beneath ; stalk in. long, 

 or with the leaf-blade almost reaching to the base, hairy ; stipules semi- 

 heart-shaped, coarsely toothed, ^ in. long. Flowers white, ^ to | in. across, 

 produced during May and June in few-flowered corymbs ; stalks hairy ; 

 stamens I twenty ; styles five, hairy at the base. Fruit globose or slightly 

 pear-shaped, red, to in. diameter. 



Native of Japan and Central China ; long known in cultivation, but 

 always rare. So far as I have seen, it has little to recommend it, although 

 wild specimens show it to be a pretty bush in nature. I suspect it is spring 

 tender. 



C. DOUGLASII, Lindley. DOUGLAS THORN. 



A tree 30 ft. or more high, with a rounded head of branches ; young 

 shoots reddish brown, smooth ; thorns often absent ; when present, f to 

 i in. long, stout. Leaves obovate to ovate, always tapered at the base, 

 mostly pointed, sometimes rounded at the apex, upper part slightly lobed 

 or double-toothed, or sometimes with two deep lobes near the base ; i^ 

 to 4 ins. long, I to 3 ins. wide ; dark glossy green and downy along the 

 midrib above, ultimately quite smooth below; 'stalk | to f in. long. Flowers 

 white, i in. diameter, produced during May in corymbs 2 ins. across ; 

 calyx-tube and flower-stalk quite smooth ; calyx-lobes narrow, glandular- 

 toothed, downy inside. Stamens twenty ; styles two to five. Fruit black, 

 \ in. diameter, falling early. 



