426 CRAT^GUS 



Native of N. America from Michigan to California and Oregon; 

 introduced about 1828. It is one of the largest, but not, so far as I have 

 seen, one of the most ornamental of thorns, its corymbs being rather small 

 and its fruits ineffective. It is much confused in gardens with the following: 



C. RIVULARIS, Nuttall (C. Dougiasii var. rivularis, Sargent}. This is 

 closely allied to C. Dougiasii, but is a more pyramidal tree ; the leaves have 

 shorter stalks and tufts of down in the vein-axils till late summer at least, 

 and the calyx-lobes I are shorter, broader, and mostly entire. It has been 

 regarded as a variety of Dougiasii, and has about the same garden value. 



C. DSUNGARICA, Zabel. 



A small tree, armed with spines j? to f in. long ; young shoots smooth, 

 becoming bright purplish brown. Leaves of the barren shoots triangular, 

 broadly wedge-shaped or cut almost straight across at the base, three- to 

 seven-lobed, i| to 3^ ins. long and wide, the lowest pair of lobes large, 

 spreading ; leaves of the flowering shoots smaller, more ovate or diamond- 

 shaped and tapered at the* base, lobes sharply pointed and sparsely toothed ; 

 downy on both sides when quite young, soon becoming smooth except in the 

 vein-axils beneath ; stalk ^ to i ins. long ; stipules cockscomb-shaped, up to 

 i in. diameter. Flowers white, -f in. diameter, produced about the middle of 

 May in corymbs 2 to 3 ins. across ; sepals and flower-stalks smooth ; 

 stamens twenty ; styles three to five ; fruit globose, shining black, ^ in. 

 diameter. 



A handsome thorn of doubtful origin, probably native of S.E. Siberia and 

 Manchuria. In foliage it much resembles C. altaica and C. pinnatifida, but 

 its black fruits distinguish it from these and all of the sanguinea group, except 

 C. chlorosarca (q.v.). 



C. DUROBRIVENSIS, Sargent. 



A shrub 10 to 16 ft. high, with smooth young shoots ; thorns i| to 2 ins. 

 long. Leaves broadly ovate, the base broadly wedge-shaped or rounded, the 

 upper part sharply toothed, and cut up at each side into two or four triangular 

 lobes j to | in. deep ; i| to 3 ins. long, I to 3-^ ins. wide ; quite smooth on both 

 surfaces except at first ; stalk slender, glandular, up to i J ins. long. Flowers 

 white, f to i in. diameter, stalks and outside of calyx smooth stamens twenty, 

 anthers pink ; styles five. Fruit globose, -f in. diameter, dark shining crimson. 



Discovered in May 1900 by Mr J. Dunbar, on the banks of the Genessee 

 River at Rochester, New York. Its flowers are amongst the largest in the 

 genus, and the handsome fruits remain on the branches till mid-winter. 

 Sargent describes it as one of the most ornamental thorns of the northern 

 United States. Introduced in 1901. Allied to C. coccinioides. 



C. FLAVA. Aiton. YELLOW HAW. 



A tree 20 ft. or more high, with smooth young shoots ; thorns about i in. 

 long. Leaves obovate or diamond-shaped, always tapered and glandular at 

 the base ; pointed, -sometimes three-lobed at the apex ; doubly toothed ; i to 

 2-^ ins. long, \ to i^ ins. wide ; smooth on both sides ; stalk \ to i in. long, 

 glandular. Flowers white, f in. diameter, produced in early June in corymbs 

 of three to seven blossoms ; flower-stalks glandular, smooth (or at first 

 somewhat downy) ; calyx smooth, or downy only on the inner face, the lobes 

 glandular ; stamens ten to twenty. Fruit roundish, pear-shaped, greenish 

 yellow, about f in. long. 



Native almost certainly of Eastern N. America, but not apparently known 

 wild now in the form described by Aiton in 1789. A specimen from Bishop 



