CRAT^GUS 433 



ins. long, nearly or quite as wide. On the barren shoots they are broadly 

 ovate, the basal pair of lobes often deep ; on the flowering shoots the leaves 

 are narrower, diamond-shaped or obovate, with a more tapered base ; all dark 

 green and somewhat hairy above, paler and more hairy below, ultimately 

 almost smooth ; stalk to i in. long, stipules large, deeply toothed. Flowers 

 white, f in. diameter, produced during May and June in rather lax corymbs 

 2 to 3 ins. across. Calyx and flower-stalks clothed with grey down ; stamens 

 twenty, anthers red ; styles four or five. Fruit black-purple, oval, in. long. 



Native of E. Europe. The group of thorns to which this belongs is some- 

 what doubtful in its inter-relationships. C. melanocarpa, Bieberstein, and 

 C. Oliveriana, Bosc, are included under it by Lange and others. (See note 

 under C. Oliveriana.) From C. nigra it differs in its less downy shoots and 

 leaves, and in its oval fruits. 



C. HIEMALIS, Lange, is supposed to be a hybrid between the above and 

 C. Crus-galli, and the way seedlings of C. hiemalis have reverted to a pure 

 glabrousness like that of Crus-galli, especially in the inflorescence, supports 

 this theory. 



C PINNATIFIDA, Bunge. 



A small tree up to 15 ft. or more high ; thorns absent or quite short ; 

 young shoots smooth. Leaves wedge-shaped to straightly cut at the base, 

 varying in general outline from broadly ovate and triangular to lozenge- 

 shaped ; 2 to 4 ins. long, nearly as much or rather more in width, usually with 

 a deep lobe reaching nearly to the midrib at the base on each side, the 

 terminal portion being also lobed, but not so deeply ; margins sharply, often 

 doubly toothed, deep glossy green above, paler beneath, both sides downy 

 along the midrib and chief veins ; stalk i to 2^ ins. long, stipules cockscomb- 

 shaped, coarsely toothed, often over i in. across. Flowers white, f in. across, 

 produced at the end of May and early in June on downy-stalked corymbs 

 about 3 ins. across ; calyx hairy ; stamens twenty ; styles three or four, 

 Fruit red, minutely dotted, about | in. diameter. 



Native of N. China. Very distinct from all but its immediate allies 

 (Korolkowi and Henryi, q.v.} in the long leaf-stalks and large leaves. 



Var. PSILOSA, C. K. Schneider. The leaves of this form are quite smooth, 

 and have deeper, narrower lobes than the type ; flower-stalks and calyx also 

 smooth.- Native of Amurland, Corea, etc., and like many trees of those 

 regions, apt to start very early into growth, and suffer accordingly. Inferior 

 to the type, which itself is not so fine a tree as Korolkowi. 



C. PRUINOSA, Koch. 



A tree up to 15 or 20 ft. high, with horizontal branches ; young twigs and 

 leaves quite smooth ; thorns i to i^ ins. long. Leaves broadly ovate, broadly 

 wedge-shaped to nearly truncate at the base, pointed at the apex, doubly and 

 sharply toothed or triangular-lobed at the upper part ; i to 2 ins. long, two- 

 thirds to fully as wide ; reddish when they unfold, becoming dark green 

 above and glaucous beneath ; stalks slender, to i \ ins. long. Flowers f to i in. 

 wide, borne in May in rather loose corymbs ; flower-stalks and calyx quite 

 smooth ; stamens twenty ; styles five. Fruit five-angled, f in. diameter, 

 globose, at first apple-green covered with a purple bloom, finally dark red, 

 shining, and much dotted. 



Native of the southern United States, probably sometimes confused in 

 gardens with C. coccinea, from which -it differs in the glaucous under-surface 

 of the leaf, and the plum-coloured young fruits, also the thinner, longer leaf- 

 stalks and flower-stalks. 



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