CRAT^GUS 437 



cut into five or seven parallel, narrow-oblong lobes, often reaching nearly to 

 the midrib ; the lobes more or less glandular-toothed, especially towards the 

 points ; both surfaces permanently hairy ; stalk to J in. long ; stipules large, 

 curved, toothed. Flowers fragrant, white, i in. across, produced in mid-June 

 in rounded clusters of six to eight blossoms ; calyx covered with a pale grey 

 felt ; stamens twenty, with red anthers ; styles five. Fruit globose, yellow, or 

 suffused with red, partially downy, f to i in. across, with the scent and some- 

 what the taste of the apple. Closely attached at and near the base are one 

 or more deeply cut, moss-like bracts. 



Native of Asia Minor, Syria, etc. ; introduced in 1789. Belonging to the 

 same group as C. orientalis, this handsome thorn is not common. C. orientalis 

 often does duty for it, but the present tree can always be distinguished by the 

 gland-toothed leaves and glandular laciniate bract, or bracts, attached at the 

 base of the fruit. It is a slow-growing tree. There is a fine specimen at 

 the entrance to Messrs Cunningham & Fraser's nursery at Edinburgh ; 

 another at Arley Castle, near Bewdley. 



C. TOMENTOSA, LmnCBUS. 



A small tree up to 15 ft. high, with a rounded compact head of grey-barked 

 branches, often very crooked ; young shoots more or less downy ; thorns 

 infrequent, grey, i to 2 ins. long. Leaves ovate to rhomboidal or obovate, 

 pointed, wedge-shaped and entire at the base, the upper part coarsely double- 

 toothed or lobed ; 2 to 5 ins. long, i to 3 ins. wide ; parallel-veined, downy 

 on both sides, especially beneath, the upper side becoming nearly or quite 

 smooth and dark green ; stalk J to f in. long. Flowers white, in. diameter, 

 borne in June in large, erect, loose corymbs 3 to 5 ins. across ; calyx and 

 flower-stalks shaggy, calyx-lobes narrow, glandular-toothed; stamens sixteen 

 to twenty, anthers pink ; styles two to five. Fruits always erect, pear-shaped 

 or oval, dull orange-coloured, ^ in. long.' 



Native of the eastern and Central United States ; introduced by Lee and 

 Kennedy of Hammersmith in 1765. This is one of the most beautiful of 

 American thorns when in flower, the upright corymbs being of unusual size. 

 The leaves turn a brilliant orange or scarlet in autumn. Although the foliage 

 varies in the amount of down it carries on different plants, the flower-stalks and 

 calyx are always hairy. 



C. UNIFLORA, Muenchausen. 



(C. parvifolia, Adanson.") 



A shrub or miniature tree, rarely more than 6 or 8 ft. high, with hairy young 

 shoots ; thorns slender, up to i ins. long. Leaves obovate, always tapered at 

 the base, rounded or bluntish at the apex, rather coarsely (often doubly) 

 round-toothed ; i to 2 ins. long, to I in. wide ; dark glossy green and with 

 short scattered hairs above; pale, dull and downy on the midrib and veins 

 beneath ; stalk in. or less long. Flowers creamy white, % to f in. across ; 

 solitary or in pairs, occasionally in threes. Flower-stalks and calyx shaggy ; 

 calyx-lobes linear, conspicuously glandular-toothed ; stamens about twenty, 

 anthers whitish. Fruit pear-shaped to globose, about in. long, yellow or 

 greenish yellow, with the large calyx-lobes adhering at the top. 



Native of the south-eastern United States ; introduced early in the 

 eighteenth century. It is an interesting and very distinct thorn, but in no 

 way showy. Its small stature, often solitary flowers, and especially the long, 

 persistent, prominently toothed calyx-lobes, distinguish it. 



C. VAILIJE, Britton^ has recently been introduced. It is allied to 



