CYDONIA 453 



as many as half a. dozen on each raceme. A similar arrangement is occasion- 

 ally seen in the white variety of C. Mauiei. C. japonica loves the sun, and 

 flowers most freely planted against a south wall. Perhaps it is seen at its 

 best in some sheltered sunny spot as a wide-spreading lawn shrub. It stands 

 pruning well, summer pruning being best. Sometimes it is successfully used 

 as a hedge plant. There is one in Lord Annesley's garden at Castlewellan 

 which flowers admirably, being pruned annually in late summer. A great 

 number of varieties have been sent out by nurserymen, ranging in colour from 

 white and pale yellow to the richest crimson. The following is merely a 

 selection : 



Var. ALBA. Flowers white tinged with rose ; also in a semi-double form 

 (semi-plend}. 



Var. AURORA. Flowers rose, suffused with yellow. 



Var. CARDINALIS. Flowers larger than ordinary, rich crimson. 



Var. " KNAP HILL SCARLET." The most brilliant of red kinds. 



Var. NIVALIS. Flowers white. 



Var. SINICA. Flowers double, deep red. 



Var. SULPHUREA. Flowers yellowish white. 



Var. VERSICOLOR. Flowers rose- and salmon-coloured. 



All these varieties to be obtained true must be increased by layers, although 

 by sowing seeds, new and perhaps improved kinds may be got. 



C. MAULEI, T. Moore. DWARF QUINCE. 



A low, spreading, deciduous thorny shrub, usually under 3 ft. in height, 

 considerably more in width ; branchlets very downy when young. Leaves 

 i to 2 ins. long, obovate or oval to almost orbicular, toothed, tapering at the 

 base to a short stalk, quite smooth ; stipules large on the young growing 

 shoots, ovate or broadly heart-shaped, j to f in. wide. Flowers in almost 

 stalkless clusters from the joints of the year-old wood, very abundant, orange- 

 red, scarlet or blood-red, i| ins. across. Fruit apple-shaped, i^ ins. diameter, 

 yellow stained with red on the sunny side, fragrant. 



Native of Japan ; introduced about 1869 by Messrs Maule of Bristol. 

 This is one of the most charming of red-flowered dwarf shrubs, flowering from 

 April to June, and when at its best, literally wreathing its branches with 

 blossom. It bears fruits freely, and they are pleasantly coloured and scented 

 in early winter ; though harsh and acid when raw, they make an excellent 

 conserve. Besides its dwarfer habit, it differs from its near ally, C. japonica, 

 in having more obovate or rounded leaves, minutely warted twigs, and more 

 coarsely toothed leaves. Syn. Pyrus Mauiei, Masters. 



Var. ALBA. Flowers white. This form often flowers a second time in 

 autumn, producing its flowers alternately on almost leafless shoots, each flower 

 with a stalk j to \ in. long, the whole forming a raceme 3 or 4 ins. long. 



Var. ALPINA, Rehder (C. Sargentii). A more than usually dwarf form, 

 introduced from the mountains of Japan by Prof. Sargent. Under cultivation, 

 like other alpine varieties, it appears to revert to the type. 



Var. ATROSANGUINEA. Flowers rich blood-red. Var. SUPERBA is nearly 

 or quite the same. 



C. SINENSIS, Thouin. CHINESE QUINCE. 



A small deciduous or semi-evergreen, unarmed tree, up to 20 ft. high, with 

 the bark of the trunk and main branches peeling off in flakes like that of a 

 plane. Branchlets extremely hairy when quite young, afterwards smooth and 

 glossy. Leaves obovate, ovate, or oval ; 2j? to 4^ ins. long, \\ to 2^ ins. wide ; 

 tapering to a stalk \ in. long, which is furnished with hairs and gland-tipped 

 teeth ; upper surface smooth, lower one covered with pale brown hairs, 



