542 EUONYMUS 



Native of Japan. So far as I have observed, this Euonymus never bears 

 flowers or fruit in what we regard as its typical climbing- or trailing condition. 

 It appears to be like the ivy, and when it has arrived at the adult or flowering 

 state alters the character of its growth, and instead of the shoots being slender 

 and trailing they become erect and bushy, and bear flowers and fruit of the 

 same character as those of E. japonicus ; the leaves also become larger. As 

 a garden shrub it is extremely useful ; it thrives almost as well as the ivy in 

 deep shade, and makes an admirable ground covering in sunny positions also. 

 It may be used as an edging for paths, being of less trouble, although not so 

 neat, as box-edging. It can be increased with great rapidity and ease by simply 

 pulling old plants apart into small pieces and replanting ; every bit will grow. 

 In the New England States, where ivy is not hardy, this plant is used for 

 covering the fronts of dwelling-houses. 



Var. CARRIEREI, Nicholson. This I regard as the adult state of ordinary 

 E. radicans, taken off and rooted as so-called "tree" ivies are. It is a low, 

 spreading shrub with no inclination to climb ; leaves I to 2 ins. long, f in. to 

 i in. wide, glossy. Flowers greenish, four-parted, five or more crowded )at the 

 end of a slender stalk ; fruit orange-shaped, greenish white or tinged with red, 

 J in. across ; seed with an orange-yellow coat. 



There are various coloured-leaved forms ; the commonest is var. FOLIIS 

 VARIEGATIS, whose leaves are rather larger than in ordinary radicans and have 

 -a broad marginal band of white, the centre greyish. Introduced from Japan 

 about 1860. When this variety reaches the adult state, the flowering portion 

 assumes a shrubby character and the leaves become larger, as they do in var. 

 Carrierei. Var. "Silver Queen" represents perhaps the best of these 

 variegated " tree " forms on their own roots, the largest leaves being 2^ ins. 

 long and more than i in. wi'de, handsomely variegated in white. 



Var. KEWENSIS, Hort. (minimus). This curious little plant an E. radicans 

 in miniature was introduced from Japan by Prof. Sargent, and sent by him to 

 Kew in 1893. Leaves dull green, with the veins picked out in a paler shade ; 

 j to f in. long, \ to about \ in. diameter ; ovate, rounded at the base, blunt 

 at the apex, margin slightly decurved and with a few shallow teeth ; distinctly, 

 but very shortly stalked. The whole plant, but especially the young shoots, 

 is densely covered with minute warts. In a young state this plant forms low 

 patches an inch or two high. Afterwards, if near a shrub, it will climb up its 

 stems. When support of this kind is lacking it will form a little pyramid of its 

 own branches, growing erect and clinging together. It has not yet flowered in 

 this country, and may prove to be a distinct species when it does. In the 

 meantime it may be known as "kewensis," as it has become known in 

 nurseries under that name through having been distributed from Kew. 



Var. ROSEO-MARGINATIS has the leaf-border pinkish. 



Var. VEGETUS, Rehder, in Sargent's Trees and Shrubs, t. 65. A very distinct 

 variety of bushy habit, with but few of the branches procumbent and rooting. 

 Leaves stout, broadly oval to roundish, i to i^- ins. long. Introduced to the 

 Arnold Arboretum from Japan in 1876. According to Mr Rehder it bears fruit 

 abundantly, but even if it should fail in this respect here, it will make a useful 

 sturdy evergreen for moderately shady places. 



E. SANGUINEUS, Loesener. 



A deciduous shrub 6 to 10 ft. high, devoid of down in all its parts ; young 

 shoots reddish. Leaves ovate, oval, or obovate, i^ to 4^ ins. long, f to 2^ ins. 

 wide ; margins set with fine incurved teeth, the base broadly wedge-shaped 

 or rounded, the apex slenderly pointed ; dull green ; chief veins in four to 

 seven pairs. Flowers yellow, produced in thin, forked cymes, 3 or 4 ins. wide 

 and long. Fruit composed of four ( rarely five) parts (capsules), each part 



