648 ILEX 



gradually to the stalk and to the blunt apex ; margin quite devoid of teeth or 

 spines ; dark glossy green ; stalk j to | in. long. Fruit deep red, globose, 

 nearly | in. diameter. 



Native of China, Japan, and Corea ; introduced in 1864. This is distinct 

 from the large-leaved hollies in the entire absence of spines on the leaves of 

 either old or young plants. It is a handsome evergreen, slightly tender when 

 raised from seed the first one or two winters, but perfectly hardy afterwards. 

 Specimens that bear fruit are at Osborne, Isle of Wight ; Abbotsbury, in 

 Dorset ; Enys, in Cornwall ; and, no doubt, in other places also 



I. L^VIGATA, A. Gray. SMOOTH WlNTERBERRY. 

 (Prinos laevigatus, Purs/i.") 



A deciduous shrub, 6 to 8 ft. high ; young shoots smooth. Leaves narrowly 

 oval, obovate or lanceolate, tapered at both ends ; i^ to 7\ ins. long, \ to f in. 

 wide ; finely pointed, obscurely toothed, pale green and glossy on both surfaces, 

 and smooth except sometimes for a little down along the veins beneath ; 

 stalk \ in. or less long. Male flowers on slender stalks \ to f in. long ; female 

 ones on very short stalks ; calyx glabrous. Fruit orange-red, 3 in. diameter, 

 solitary. 



Native of the eastern United States ; introduced in 1812. This is not 

 so well known in gardens as I. verticillata, nor is it perhaps so ornamental 

 with us. It is closely allied to that species, under the notice of which some 

 distinctions are pointed out. It may be added here that the leaf-stalks are 

 generally shorter and the fruits larger in I. Isevigata. Both species affect 

 low, wet situations in a wild state. 



Var. HERVEYI, Robinson. Fruits yellow. 



I. LATIFOLIA, Thunberg. TARAJO. 



An evergreen tree, occasionally 50 to 60 ft. high in Japan, rarely more 

 than 20 ft. high in this country ; young shoots very stout, \ in. diameter, 

 angular, not downy. Leaves very thick, dark lustrous green, oblong ; 4 to 8 

 ins. long, \\ to 3 ins. wide ; tapered about equally at both ends, the marginal 

 teeth shallow and not spiny ; the under-surface is rather yellow ; stalk ^ to r 

 in. long. Fruit red, globose, \ in. diameter, crowded in considerable numbers 

 on short axillary racemes. 



Native of Japan ; introduced to Europe by Siebold in 1840. Although 

 this species is hardy at Kew it does not succeed very well. But a few miles 

 to the south it thrives admirably in favourable situations ; there are fine 

 specimens at Claremont and at Leonardslee, and no doubt still larger ones 

 in Devon and Cornwall ; at Chaddlewood, Plympton, it is over 20 ft. high. 

 Sargent regards it as the handsomest broad-leaved evergreen of Japan. 



I. MACROCARPA, Oliver. 

 (Hooker's Icones Plantarum, t. 1787.) 



There is not much to be said as yet about this holly. It is a native of 

 Szechuen and Hupeh in China, and was introduced by Wilson during his 

 third expedition to China in the autumn of 1907, when collecting for Harvard 

 University. It is a tree up to 50 ft. high, deciduous ; its branchlets and leaves 

 perfectly glabrous on cultivated plants. Leaves oval to ovate, 2^ to 4 ins. 

 long, i \ to if ins. wide ; broadly wedge-shaped at the base, shortly acuminate, 

 finely and shal lowly toothed, dark green above, glossy green beneath. These 



